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Gravity, Kepler's Laws, and Orbit

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  • Planets move around the Sun in an ellipse with the Sun at 1 foci
    Kepler's 1st Law
  • Calculate: orbital velocity of Earth in m/s
    29,600 m/s
  • the point in the orbit of a satellite at which it is nearest to Earth
    Perigee
  • Point in a planets orbit where it goes the fastest
    Perihelion
  • Calculate: Period of a fictitious planet in Earth years that has an orbital radius of 6.7 x 10^12 m
    300 years
  • The object that is orbiting around another in an orbital system
    Satellite
  • The shape of a planetary orbit
    Ellipse
  • Calculate: Gravitational force between Earth and the Moon (Moon stats: orbital radius = 3.48 x 10^8 m; mass = 7.35 x 10^22 kg... & answer in 2 SF)
    2.4 x 10^20 N
  • A model of the universe in which Earth is at the center of the universe
    Geocentric
  • Planets closer to the Sun have shorter orbital periods than planets further away
    Kepler's 3rd Law
  • Calculate: orbital velocity of Mercury in m/s
    47,600 m/s
  • Calculate: Gravitational force between Jupiter and the Sun (answer in 2 SF)
    4.2 x 10^23 N
  • Calculate: Orbital Period of Mercury in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
    89 days
  • As a planet moves around its orbit, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times
    Kepler's 2nd Law
  • Any device that detects gravitational waves
    Interferometer
  • distance from the center of one object to the center of the object orbiting it
    orbital radius
  • Calculate: Orbital Period of Neptune in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
    59,000 days
  • Point in a planets orbit where it farthest from the sun
    Aphelion
  • Calculate: Orbital Period of Mars in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
    690 days
  • The amount an ellipse deviates from a perfect circle
    Eccentricity
  • an orbit of a satellite around a planet that is in the same direction as the rotation of the planet
    prograde orbit
  • the point in the orbit of a satellite most distant from Earth
    Apogee
  • Calculate: Period of a comet in Earth years that has an orbital radius 50 times the Earth's
    400 years
  • The orbit of a moon or satellite around a planet that is in the direction opposite to the planet's rotation.
    retrograde orbit
  • Calculate: velocity of gravitational waves in km.hr
    1.08 x10^9 km/hr
  • Calculate: Gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun (answer in 2 SF)
    3.5 x 10^22 N
  • The object being orbited in an orbital system
    Primary
  • Based on the belief that the sun is the center of the solar system
    Heliocentric
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