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Are You Ready for the Earth Science Test?

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  • Look at the image of part of a coastline. Which statement best predicts how this coastline could be different in 1,000 years?
    The headland will be thicker.
    The sea stack will become shorter and thinner.
    The sea arch will become a sea cave.
    The sea cave will be smaller.
  • What is one way volcanoes are a CONSTRUCTIVE force?
    Lava cools and hardens and forms new rock.
    Flowing lava melts everything in its path.
    Volcanoes produce a cloud of gas, ash, and rock.
    Volcanoes bring heat to an area which attracts animals.
  • What forms when the wind deposits sand in piles?
    sand dune
    beach
    hill
    cave
  • What change on the surface of the Earth is a result of tectonic plates shifting?
    Earthquakes shake the ground.
    Glaciers are pulled downhill by gravity.
    Hurricanes cause heavy rainfall.
    Ice breaks rocks apart.
  • What is being pulled by gravity and carving out a valley along the way?
    an ice storm
    a glacier
    a rockslide
    a river
  • Builds up the Earth's surfaces.
    Constructive forces
    Destructive forces
  • Name the constructive force that drops small pieces of rock into new locations.
    erosion
    weathering
    volcano
    deposition
  • Breaks down the Earth's surfaces
    Constructive forces
    Destructive forces
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'deposition'?
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the movement of tectonic plates
    the wearing away of sediment
    the carrying away of sediment
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'erosion'?
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the wearing away of sediment
    the movement of tectonic plates
    the carrying away of sediment
  • Name the destructive force that breaks down rock into smaller pieces.
    erosion
    weathering
    wind storm
    deposition
  • Which of earth's layer is composed (made) of pieces called tectonic plates that fit together like a puzzle?
    inner core
    outer core
    crust
    mantle
  • Which is NOT a cause of weathering?
    acid rain having a chemical reaction with certain rocks
    a fast-moving river smoothing the sharp edges of rocks
    sand blown by the wind onto rocks
    lava cooling and forming new layers of rock
  • Name the destructive force that carries sediment away to a new location, such as a river delta.
    earthquake
    volcano
    weathering
    erosion
  • What causes volcanoes?
    Tectonic plates moving together push the crust upward.
    Glaciers carve away at the surface of the Earth.
    Openings in the Earth's crust allow magma to escape.
    The rotation of the Earth forces magma to the surface.
  • How do living organisms impact the surface of the Earth?
    Insects damage flowers when they are obtaining nectar.
    Running water smooths rough and sharp rocks.
    Wind blows sediment into piles, forming dunes.
    Plant roots grow inside of rocks, breaking them apart.
  • What forms slowly after many years when tectonic plates push towards each other?
    earthquakes
    tsunamis
    mountains
    volcanos
  • A ____ is landform that is built up from deposition of sediment carried by a river. The dropped sediment builds up underwater. If enough sediment builds up, it can eventually reach past the surface of the water, forming new land.
    mountain
    canyon
    sand dune
    delta
  • What is one way that water can break down rocks?
    Frozen water makes rocks collapse inward
    Water expands when it freezes in the cracks of rocks.
    A river takes small rocks to a new location.
    Hot water in the ocean melts rocks.
  • What is another name (synonym) for 'mechanical weathering'?
    erosion weathering
    plate weathering
    chemical weathering
    physical weathering
  • How are most caves formed?
    Ice makes large cracks in the ground.
    Water seeps into the ground and dissolves the rock.
    Wind breaks up rock over time.
    Water carries rock to a new location.
  • Which answer does NOT cause erosion?
    water
    living organisms
    lava
    wind
  • Which of earth's layers is composed (made) of melted rock that the tectonic plates sit and move upon?
    mantle
    crust
    inner core
    outer core
  • Look at the image. Devon says this land feature was caused by wind weathering and erosion. What scientific evidence would best support her idea?
    Scientists recorded the amount of rainfall that fell on it.
    Scientists measured the width to discover it was shrinking.
    Scientists took photos to see if the rock changes colors.
    Scientists recorded the temperature of the rock.
  • What is the best answer that describes the Earth’s crust?
    It is really thick and unmovable.
    It is rock that is broken up into plates.
    It is made up of molten magma.
    It is one giant piece of solid rock.
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