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Are You Ready for the Earth Science Test?

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  • What is one way volcanoes are a CONSTRUCTIVE force?
    Volcanoes bring heat to an area which attracts animals.
    Lava cools and hardens and forms new rock.
    Flowing lava melts everything in its path.
    Volcanoes produce a cloud of gas, ash, and rock.
  • Builds up the Earth's surfaces.
    Constructive forces
    Destructive forces
  • What is another name (synonym) for 'mechanical weathering'?
    plate weathering
    physical weathering
    erosion weathering
    chemical weathering
  • Name the destructive force that carries sediment away to a new location, such as a river delta.
    volcano
    weathering
    erosion
    earthquake
  • What is the best answer that describes the Earth’s crust?
    It is rock that is broken up into plates.
    It is one giant piece of solid rock.
    It is really thick and unmovable.
    It is made up of molten magma.
  • What is one way that water can break down rocks?
    Frozen water makes rocks collapse inward
    Water expands when it freezes in the cracks of rocks.
    Hot water in the ocean melts rocks.
    A river takes small rocks to a new location.
  • Which is NOT a cause of weathering?
    lava cooling and forming new layers of rock
    a fast-moving river smoothing the sharp edges of rocks
    acid rain having a chemical reaction with certain rocks
    sand blown by the wind onto rocks
  • How are most caves formed?
    Wind breaks up rock over time.
    Ice makes large cracks in the ground.
    Water carries rock to a new location.
    Water seeps into the ground and dissolves the rock.
  • What causes volcanoes?
    Openings in the Earth's crust allow magma to escape.
    Tectonic plates moving together push the crust upward.
    The rotation of the Earth forces magma to the surface.
    Glaciers carve away at the surface of the Earth.
  • What change on the surface of the Earth is a result of tectonic plates shifting?
    Earthquakes shake the ground.
    Glaciers are pulled downhill by gravity.
    Hurricanes cause heavy rainfall.
    Ice breaks rocks apart.
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'erosion'?
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the movement of tectonic plates
    the carrying away of sediment
    the wearing away of sediment
  • Look at the image. Devon says this land feature was caused by wind weathering and erosion. What scientific evidence would best support her idea?
    Scientists measured the width to discover it was shrinking.
    Scientists recorded the temperature of the rock.
    Scientists recorded the amount of rainfall that fell on it.
    Scientists took photos to see if the rock changes colors.
  • Which of earth's layer is composed (made) of pieces called tectonic plates that fit together like a puzzle?
    crust
    mantle
    inner core
    outer core
  • Name the destructive force that breaks down rock into smaller pieces.
    deposition
    erosion
    weathering
    wind storm
  • Breaks down the Earth's surfaces
    Destructive forces
    Constructive forces
  • Look at the image of part of a coastline. Which statement best predicts how this coastline could be different in 1,000 years?
    The sea arch will become a sea cave.
    The headland will be thicker.
    The sea stack will become shorter and thinner.
    The sea cave will be smaller.
  • Name the constructive force that drops small pieces of rock into new locations.
    volcano
    erosion
    deposition
    weathering
  • Which of earth's layers is composed (made) of melted rock that the tectonic plates sit and move upon?
    inner core
    crust
    outer core
    mantle
  • What forms slowly after many years when tectonic plates push towards each other?
    tsunamis
    earthquakes
    volcanos
    mountains
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'deposition'?
    the carrying away of sediment
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the movement of tectonic plates
    the wearing away of sediment
  • What is being pulled by gravity and carving out a valley along the way?
    an ice storm
    a glacier
    a rockslide
    a river
  • What forms when the wind deposits sand in piles?
    sand dune
    cave
    beach
    hill
  • Which answer does NOT cause erosion?
    lava
    water
    living organisms
    wind
  • A ____ is landform that is built up from deposition of sediment carried by a river. The dropped sediment builds up underwater. If enough sediment builds up, it can eventually reach past the surface of the water, forming new land.
    delta
    sand dune
    mountain
    canyon
  • How do living organisms impact the surface of the Earth?
    Plant roots grow inside of rocks, breaking them apart.
    Insects damage flowers when they are obtaining nectar.
    Wind blows sediment into piles, forming dunes.
    Running water smooths rough and sharp rocks.
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