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Are You Ready for the Earth Science Test?

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  • What is one way volcanoes are a CONSTRUCTIVE force?
    Flowing lava melts everything in its path.
    Volcanoes bring heat to an area which attracts animals.
    Volcanoes produce a cloud of gas, ash, and rock.
    Lava cools and hardens and forms new rock.
  • What is the best answer that describes the Earth’s crust?
    It is really thick and unmovable.
    It is one giant piece of solid rock.
    It is made up of molten magma.
    It is rock that is broken up into plates.
  • How are most caves formed?
    Water seeps into the ground and dissolves the rock.
    Water carries rock to a new location.
    Wind breaks up rock over time.
    Ice makes large cracks in the ground.
  • What change on the surface of the Earth is a result of tectonic plates shifting?
    Earthquakes shake the ground.
    Glaciers are pulled downhill by gravity.
    Hurricanes cause heavy rainfall.
    Ice breaks rocks apart.
  • What is being pulled by gravity and carving out a valley along the way?
    a rockslide
    a glacier
    an ice storm
    a river
  • Name the constructive force that drops small pieces of rock into new locations.
    erosion
    volcano
    deposition
    weathering
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'erosion'?
    the movement of tectonic plates
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the wearing away of sediment
    the carrying away of sediment
  • Which of earth's layers is composed (made) of melted rock that the tectonic plates sit and move upon?
    inner core
    mantle
    crust
    outer core
  • Name the destructive force that breaks down rock into smaller pieces.
    erosion
    wind storm
    deposition
    weathering
  • Which of the following is the best definition for 'deposition'?
    the wearing away of sediment
    the dropping of sediment in a new location
    the carrying away of sediment
    the movement of tectonic plates
  • A ____ is landform that is built up from deposition of sediment carried by a river. The dropped sediment builds up underwater. If enough sediment builds up, it can eventually reach past the surface of the water, forming new land.
    canyon
    delta
    mountain
    sand dune
  • Name the destructive force that carries sediment away to a new location, such as a river delta.
    weathering
    volcano
    earthquake
    erosion
  • What causes volcanoes?
    The rotation of the Earth forces magma to the surface.
    Glaciers carve away at the surface of the Earth.
    Openings in the Earth's crust allow magma to escape.
    Tectonic plates moving together push the crust upward.
  • What is another name (synonym) for 'mechanical weathering'?
    erosion weathering
    chemical weathering
    physical weathering
    plate weathering
  • Which is NOT a cause of weathering?
    lava cooling and forming new layers of rock
    a fast-moving river smoothing the sharp edges of rocks
    sand blown by the wind onto rocks
    acid rain having a chemical reaction with certain rocks
  • Look at the image. Devon says this land feature was caused by wind weathering and erosion. What scientific evidence would best support her idea?
    Scientists recorded the amount of rainfall that fell on it.
    Scientists took photos to see if the rock changes colors.
    Scientists measured the width to discover it was shrinking.
    Scientists recorded the temperature of the rock.
  • Look at the image of part of a coastline. Which statement best predicts how this coastline could be different in 1,000 years?
    The sea stack will become shorter and thinner.
    The headland will be thicker.
    The sea arch will become a sea cave.
    The sea cave will be smaller.
  • What forms when the wind deposits sand in piles?
    cave
    beach
    sand dune
    hill
  • Which answer does NOT cause erosion?
    lava
    living organisms
    wind
    water
  • What forms slowly after many years when tectonic plates push towards each other?
    mountains
    volcanos
    earthquakes
    tsunamis
  • What is one way that water can break down rocks?
    Frozen water makes rocks collapse inward
    Hot water in the ocean melts rocks.
    Water expands when it freezes in the cracks of rocks.
    A river takes small rocks to a new location.
  • Builds up the Earth's surfaces.
    Constructive forces
    Destructive forces
  • Breaks down the Earth's surfaces
    Destructive forces
    Constructive forces
  • Which of earth's layer is composed (made) of pieces called tectonic plates that fit together like a puzzle?
    outer core
    crust
    mantle
    inner core
  • How do living organisms impact the surface of the Earth?
    Insects damage flowers when they are obtaining nectar.
    Wind blows sediment into piles, forming dunes.
    Plant roots grow inside of rocks, breaking them apart.
    Running water smooths rough and sharp rocks.
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