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Linguistic Perspective

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  • Why does Chomsky say that children have an innate capacity for language learning?
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  • Refer to three differences between the process of 1st language acquisition and 2nd language learning.
  • What is Universal Grammar (UG)?
  • Compare how CA and EA's view of learners.
    CA: passive recipients of lge stimuli- EA: active and creative participants
  • Illustrate the "Natural order" hypothesis with two examples.
  • Come up with a definition of Interlanguage.
    intermediate states of a learner's language as it moves towards the target L2.
  • How do Functional models view "language"?
    as a system of communication rather than as a set of rules.
  • What theory influenced the emergence of EA? Elaborate.
    Mentalism: Knowing a language was seen as a matter of knowing its underlying rules rather than memorizing surface structures.
  • Refer to 2 characteristics of Interlanguage.
  • How many hypotheses are proposed by the Monitor Model (Krashen)? Refer to two of them.
  • Refer to one difference between Chomsky's theory and Halliday's theory.
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  • Contrast how CA and EA view errors.
    CA: bad habits- EA: window to the learners' mind
  • What is the difference between interlingual and intralingual errors?
    interlingual: between lges (positive-negative transfer); intralingual: within languages (developmental errors- incomplete learning of the L2))
  • How did Behaviourism influence Contrastive Analysis?
    Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement
  • If a Spanish learner of English says "I have ten years old", how can you explain the error made by the speaker?
    Negative transfer
  • Choose 4 language functions (Halliday) and explain them.
  • Is this statement TRUE or FALSE? The focus of EA is to describe and compare the surface forms of both L1 and L2 systems.
    FALSE. EA placed the focus on the underlying rules of both languages.
  • What distinction does Krashen make between "learning" and "acquisition"?
  • How would you define "meaning potential"?
    What the speaker can do with the language; the language functions he/she can perform.
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