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Atoms and Radiation

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  • What disease can be caused by exposure to too much ionising radiation?
    Cancer
  • Beta particles have a ______ charge.
    negative
  • What element do humans absorb from the air when we breathe?
    Oxygen
  • Water or concrete can be used to stop ______ radiation.
    Gamma
  • ________ can be stopped by a piece of paper because they are heavy.
    Alpha particles
  • U and Pu are two elements used for generating electricity in nuclear power plants and satelites. What elements do the symbols 'U' and 'Pu' represent?.
    Uranium and Plutonium
  • All life on earth uses the element ______.
    Carbon
  • Protons are ________ly charged.
    positive
  • A particle made of two protons and two neutrons and no electrons is known as an....
    alpha particle
  • When an electronic is given off by an unstable nucleus, it is known as a b____ p_____.
    beta particle
  • Each element has a different _____ number.
    Atomic number (the number of protons)
  • If an element has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 12, how many neutrons does it have?
    7
  • Only hydrogen was created during the ____ ____.
    Big bang (bang bang bang!)
  • These particles are useful in the form of electricity.
    Electrons
  • __________ is the most popular element in the universe. 75% of all matter is ______.
    hydrogen
  • The atomic mass is the weight of all the _______ and _______ in an atom.
    Protons and neutrons
  • Beta radiation can be stopped by a thick m_____ wall.
    Metal
  • The most dangerous type of ionising radiation is _______ radiation.
    Gamma radiation.
  • 2 hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom can come together to make _____.
    Water
  • __ elements are created by cosmic ray interactions. Cosmic rays are high energy particles emitted from stars which travel at the speed of light.
    3 (lithium, beryllium, and boron)
  • C is the atomic symbol for ______.
    Carbon
  • The atomic number tells us how many ______ and _____ the element has.
    Protons and electrons
  • Alpha particles have a ______ charge.
    positive
  • The symbol He is for the element ______.
    Helium
  • Electrons have a mass of almost _____.
    zero
  • There are _____ types of atomic radiation.
    three
  • Without these two particles, atoms would weigh almost nothing!
    Neurtons and protons
  • Protons and Neutrons have an atomic mass of _____.
    1
  • Most of the mass of an atom is located in the n_____
    nucleus
  • Most elements are created in _____ or _____ explosions.
    stars or star explosions
  • Some elements have been created by _______.
    Scientists/people/humans
  • Air is made mostly of _______.
    Nitrogen
  • These particles fly around the nucleus of the atom.
    electrons
  • How do we protect ourselves from ionising radiation when we go outside?
    We wear suncream or cover our skins with clothes and hats.
  • Everything in our world is either e_____ or a_____.
    Energy or atoms (matter)
  • _______ radiation is energy, and so is unaffected by magnets.
    Gamma
  • Neutrons have a ______ charge.
    neutral
  • When the nucleus of an atom has too many protons and neutrons, it is un___ and r____.
    unstable and radioactive
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