Study

Review 1

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  • Why do only intrusive rocks form large crystals?
    Crystals take a long time to form. Since intrusive rocks are in the hot mantle, they have a longer time to cool down and form large crystals.
  • The image shows 2 locations in the Grand Canyon. What type of rock would be the top layer at a location in between A and B? How do you know?
    Limestone - there is a correlation between the rock layers so they have the same rock layers in the same order and a site at the midpoint would too
  • What will you find 1,000 meters below Earth's surface?
    rock/ bedrock
  • What does crystal size reveal about where a rock formed?
    Large crystals - intrusive, formed from magma in the mantle Small/ no crystals - extrusive, formed from lava on the crust
  • True or false: Cobbles will not get eroded as far as silt and clay.
    True
  • Describe one model we have used in class.
    stream table, abrasion jar, etc
  • Which type of rock is the oldest? How do you know?
    Sandstone - older layers are at the bottom because they were there before newer layers piled on top
  • How does igneous rock turn into metamorphic rock?
    heat & pressure
  • How can you identify a limestone rock? State 2 ways.
    1. Acid test - fizzes/ chemical reaction (has calcite) 2. Appearance - made of broken shells, corals, fossils/ looks like it formed in ocean environment
  • What type of rock would be beneath gray shale at location B? How do you know?
    Granite - there is a correlation (same layers in same order and granite is under grey shale at location A)
  • How does igneous rock turn into sedimentary rock?
    It gets weathered and eroded into sediments and then deposited into a basin where the sediments compact and cement.
  • How do earth materials get sorted in nature?
    Earth materials get sorted by size. Different sizes of sediments will erode and settle out in different places.
  • Why do there appear to be stripes on the walls of the Grand Canyon?
    The rocks form in horizontal layers of different types of rock as the environment changes over time and the different types are different colors.
  • What is a substance deposited as a solid from a solution (such as calcite forming in the limewater experiment)?
    precipitate
  • True or false: Earthquakes cause plates to move.
    False
  • Name 4 types of physical weathering
    root wedging, frost wedging, rock fall, abrasion
  • Besides earthquakes, what is the result of a convergent boundary?
    (continental crust) the crust gets pushed up into mountains (oceanic crust) one plate subducts under another and melts and the magma rises to form a volcano