What is the source of energy for cellular respiration?
Sugar
What is fermentation?
A type of cellular respiration that creates ATP in the absence of oxygen
What phase are the chromosomes lined up at the cell's equator?
Metaphase
T/F Genetic variation is a factor of natural selection
True
What happens to energy during photosynthesis?
The energy is stored as sugar in plants
What phase are the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope begins to break down?
Prophase
A nucleotide is deleted from a sequence, is what kind of mutation?
Frameshift Deletion
What is the energy storing molecule?
ATP
What kind of cells have a nucleus?
Eukaryotic Cells (animal & plant)
Why does cancer occur?
mutation in a cell's DNA uncontrolled cell growth
How to viruses reproduce?
With a host either the lysogenic or lytic cycle
T/F: Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen.
True
Mitosis is the division of what kind of cells?
Somatic (body) cells, they are diploid
That phase does the cytoplasm divide, resulting in two new cells?
Cytokinesis
What happens to ATP in order to release energy?
The outer phosphate bond is broken
Are all mutations a negative thing? Explain.
Not all mutations are negative, some mutations can be neutral (like blue eyes), or positive (like HIV resistance) However, negative mutations do exist.
What phase does the chromosomes disperse into chromatin, and the nuclear envelope reforms?
Telophase
What eukaryotic cell has a cell wall?
Plant Cell
T/F Viruses are living?
False
T/F Individuals among a population that are better adapted to their environment leave more offspring
True
Amino acids are the building blocks of ?
Proteins
What type of RNA: helps transfer correct amino acids to make a protein
tRNA
Why does DNA rely on RNA? Why can't DNA deliver the instructions to the ribosomes directly?
DNA cannot leave the nucleus
What is smaller? Virus, bacteria, plant cells
A virus
What shape is DNA?
Double-helix
What is the smallest living unit?
Cells
What are traits that have become common in a population because it favored natural selection
Adaptation
List the steps of Mitosis
PMAT
What is the pigment found in chloroplast that is primarily responsible for light absorption?
Chlorophyll
The clown fish is one individual organism. However, it lives in a coral reef with many other clown fish. These clown fish make up a ?
Population
Homologous structures that are shared among two or more organisms suggest that the organisms share a ?
common ancestor
What are the base pairing rules in DNA?
A --> T & C --> G
What type of RNA: carries a copy of DNA's code outside the nucleus?
mRNA
DNA is found where in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
What is a monomer of DNA?
Nucleotide
What kind of cells do not have a nucleus?
Prokaryotic Cells (bacteria)
What phase is the cell undergoing routine functions, growing and preparing for divison?
Interphase
What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?
Light Energy
Where in a plant cell is light absorbed and sugar is produced?
Chloroplast
What phase do the chromosomes begin to move apart, to opposite poles of cell.
Anaphase
A nucleotide is swapped for a different one, what kind of mutation is this?
Substitution
Meiosis is the division of what kind of cells?
Gametes (egg and sperm) they are haploid
T/F: Competition is a factor of natural selection
True
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