Social stratification

Changes in position within the social hierarchy.

The nobility, the clergy, and the commoners.

It was theoretically classless.

Closed and open. Closed: rigid, allows for little social mobility, social position is based on ascribed status. Open: more mobility, social position is achieved

Changing positions without changing your standing in the social hierarchy.

It’s a system that combines ascribed status with personal achievements, allowing for some social mobility.

It's universal, but variable

A system in which social mobility is based on personal merit and individual talents.

A matter of society, of course! This is because we can see the effects of social stratification on people, independent of their personal choices or traits.

Marriage within your own caste category.

Income, education, and occupational prestige.

4 divisions called varnas.

Ancestry and lineage (and also frequently race)

It's a system by which society categorises people and ranks them in hierarchy.

A legally enforced separation between black and white people.

Social status, one's chances of living in poverty, and a kind of job one can hold are affected by social stratification.