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defining and non-defining relative clauses

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  • She wrote to her friend. Her friend lives in Vietnam (who)
    She wrote to her friend who lives in Vietnam.
  • Mr Smedley introduced me to his son. He is my boss. (who)
    Mr Smedley, who is my boss, introduced me to his son.
  • Mary is having a child. She lives two flats away from us. (who)
    Mary, who lives two flats away from us, is having a child.
  • The film was really interesting. We saw it last Saturday. (which)
    The film, which we saw last Saturday, was really interesting
  • This is the man. He sold us the furniture (who
    This is the man who sold us the furniture.
  • Robert is going to get married. He is a lawyer. (who)
    Robert, who is a lawyer, is going to get married
  • Darwin. His ideas changed our view of the world. He travelled to a lot of countries when he was young. (whose)
    Darwin, whose ideas changed our view of the world, travelled to a lot of countries when he was young.
  • John Ash is a policeman. His wife was at the party last night. (whose)
    John Ash, whose wife was at the party last night, is a policeman.
  • Maria is a very charming girl. Her brother is a friend of mine. (whose)
    Maria, whose brother is a friend of mine, is a very charming girl
  • . The TV programme was very funny. Lucy recommended the TV programme. (that)
    . The TV programme (which / that) Lucy recommended was very funny.
  • Two years ago we bought a house. We got married then. (when)
    Two years ago, when we got married, we bought a house.
  • Our new car has broken down again. We bought the car only last month. (which)
    Our new car, which we bought only last month, has broken down again.
  • They found the money. I dropped the money. (which)
    They found the money which I (had) dropped
  • Next weekend I’m going to Madrid. My brother has been living there for the past two years. (where)
    Next weekend I’m going to Madrid, where my brother has been living for the past two years
  • My friend, Simon, plays the guitar. He has just released a CD
    My friend, Simon, who has just released a CD, plays the guitar
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