___________ mechanically removes microorganisms, reducing contamination to safe levels.
Sanitization
What instrument is most effective for pressure-temperature sterilization?
autoclave
_______________ is a control method that mechanically removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.
Filtration
Microbial death is is measured when the population is unable to grow under
ideal growth conditions.
Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?
bacterial endospores
Scrubbing or immersing the skin in chemicals to reduce the numbers of microbes on the skin is called
antisepsis.
Chemicals that are antimicrobial and contain fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are
halogen compounds.
Some microbial control agents are able to ___________ cell proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the native state (three-dimensional configuration) of the proteins.
denature
Surfactants work by disrupting the
membrane integrity.
A(n) _______ is a chemical that destroys bacteria except for those in the endospore stage.
bacteriocide
The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the
thermal death time.
The lowest temperature needed to kill all microbes in ten minutes is the
thermal death point.
___________ destroys all viable organisms including viruses.
Sterilization
_______ heat is more rapidly effective and efficient compared to ________ heat.
Moist, dry
Heavy metals that control microbial growth include
silver, gold, copper and mercury.
HEPA filters are used to remove microbes from
air.
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