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ES Atmospheric Basics

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  • Which atmospheric layer has the ionosphere?
    Thermosphere
  • What chemical destroys ozone?
    chlorofluorocarbibs, CFCs
  • Why has carbon dioxide gas increased over the last decades?
    Buring fossil fuels
  • Which atomspheric layer can atoms/molecules escape?
    Exosphere
  • What makes the atmospheric layers different?
    each layer has a different composition and temperature profile
  • What is the difference between the processes of conduction and convection
    Conduction through contact, convection differences of density (rise/fall)
  • Which atmospheric layer has living things?
    Troposphere
  • What parts of the electromagnetic spectrum pass throught the atmosphere?
    visible light, infrared
  • What is ozone made up of?
    3 oxygen molecules, O3
  • How does dust get into air?
    dust particles are picked up by the wind
  • Which atmospheric layer has weather?
    Troposphere
  • What is the atmosphere?
    the gases that suround the Earth that extends from the surface to space.
  • What affects the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere?
    seasons, altitude, surface beneath the air
  • Earth's surface absorbs visible light and emit
    infrared waves
  • What type of energy do moving particles have?
    kinetic
  • Which atmospheric layer has very few molecules/atoms as the altitude increases?
    Exosphere
  • What causes the ozone layer to increase in temperatures?
    Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun
  • Which atmospheric layer temperature decreases with altitudue?
    mesosphere
  • What affects the rates of absorption?
    all of these
    amount of water
    different colors absorby different amounts
    amount of solar radiation
  • What is the random movement of particles in the atmosphere called?
    random motion
  • 20% solar radiation is ......
    absorbed by atmosphere and clouds
  • What atmospheric layer contains the ozone layer?
    Stratosphere
  • Which atmospheric layer is the clostest to Earth's surface?
    Troposphere
  • Through out most of the atmosphere, how is heat transferred?
    convection
  • Besides carbon dioxide, what other gases are released by burning fossil fuels?
    sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
  • 30% of solar radiation is ......
    reflected into space by Earth's surface, atmosphere, or clouds
  • Greenhouse gases trap radiation and heat from
    being radiated back into space
  • Why is water vapor and carbon dioxide important?
    The gases regulate the amount of enegty the atmosphere absorbs and emits, Green House Effect
  • Changes in density cause air masses in the atmosphere to .....
    rise and falll forming a convection current
  • What atmospheric layer is above the troposphere?
    Stratosphere
  • How many layers is the atmosphere divided into?
    5
  • What it is the outer most atmospheric layer?
    exosphere
  • Which atmospheric layer has electrically charged particles?
    the ionospehre in the thermosphere
  • 50% solar radiation is ....
    absorbed directly or indirectly by Earth's surface
  • What are the permant atmospheric gases?
    Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, water vapor, trace gases
  • What process/effect allows for temperatures to be at for life to be on Earth?
    Greenhouse Effect
  • Which atmospheric layer temperature increases with altittude?
    Stratosphere
  • Why are fossil fuels burned?
    heat buildings, produce electricity, power vehicles,
  • In the Troposphere, at which point does the temperature stop increasing?
    Tropopause
  • What is thermal energy?
    the total energy of particles in an object due to their random motion
  • In the stratosphere, where does the temperature stop increasing with altitude?
    stratopause
  • Which gases of the atmosphere can change?
    water vapor, ozone, carbon dioxide
  • Which atmospheric layer contains the most mass?
    Troposphere
  • How does salt get into the air?
    from ocean sprays
  • What is the Greenhouse Effect?
    the natural heating of Earth's surface caused by atmospheric gases
  • What is heat?
    heat is the transfer of thermal energy froma region of higher temperarture to an region of lower temperature
  • What three ways can energy transfer?
    radiation, conduction, convection
  • Give an example of conduction in the atmosphere
    in the troposphere has the most mass, direct contact between Earth's surface and the atmosphere
  • Why is the thermosphere the hottest layer?
    it absorbs most of the high-energy radiation from the sun (ie.. x-rays)
  • Which atmospheric layer is the hottest?
    Thermosphere
  • What is the point called, at the top of the mesosphere where temperatures decrease with altitude?
    mesopause
  • Solar radiaiont is _____ and ____ by the atmosphere and Earth's Surface
    absorbed, reflected
  • Atmospheric particles that absorb infrared waves will emit ____
    infrared waves at a different wave length
  • What effect increases Earth's temperature by at leasst 30 degrees celcius?
    Greenhouse effect
  • Air is made up of ....
    gases, particles, dust, water droplets, ice crystals
  • What is the outermost atmospheric layer?
  • Earth's atmosphere influences Earth's ....
    temp, weather, and climate
  • Which atmospheric layer air temperature decreases as the altitude increases
    Troposphere
  • How is energy transfered from the sun to the atmosphere?
    radiation, solar radiation
  • How do airborne microorganisms get into the air?
    fungi/bacteria are attached to dust particles
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