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4 ESO A - History

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  • In the Ancien Regime, where/who was it believed that absolute monarchs got their power from?
    from God
  • What was le Grand Peur (the Great Fear)?
    A. Peasants assaulted nobles’ properties in the countryside.
  • Why is the Jacobin Convention so controversial?
    D. All of the above.
  • What is popular sovereignty?
    A political theory that states that power resides in the will of the people, and that this power is expressed through the right to vote.
  • Who are the most important Enlightenment thinkers?
    B. Montesquieu, Voltaire and Rousseau
  • TRUE OR FALSE: The Constitution of 1812 guaranteed rights and freedoms, such as equality before the law and the right to privacy.
    TRUE
  • In the Ancien Regime, what did Estates General do?
    They met to vote on the proposals that the monarch made and in exchange, the monarch listened to the requests of each estate.
  • What is state - system society based on?
    C. Privileges
  • Define parliamentary monarchy.
    The monarch's powers were limited by Parliament.
  • Why was the French King executed?
    C. Because he tried to flee to Austria and contact Austria’s king to invade France.
  • Which of the following did economic liberals NOT argue for? A) freedom of production B) free trade C) freedom of absolutism D) free competition
    C) freedom of absolutism
  • What is/are the most important cause(s) of the French Revolution?
    D. All of the above
  • Why is the American Revolution important?
    (open answer)
  • Who was Carlos IV's most important minister?
    Godoy
  • Which is NOT something that the Cadiz Cortes did?
    It restored absolutism.
  • What is Enlightenment?
    B. A philosophical movement taking place in XVIIIth century
  • What were Estates General called in Spain?
    Cortes
  • Describe one of the characteristics of the Ancien Regime's economy.
    Traditional agriculture; guilds; domestic trade vs foreign trade
  • What was the main consequence of the Revolt of Aranjuez?
    Carlos IV dismissed Godoy and abdicated in favor of his son, Fernando VII.
  • Who was an enlightened despot in Spanish history?
    Carlos III (1759-1788)
  • What is a Constitution?
    (open answer)
  • What was the name given to Spaniards who supported Joseph Bonaparte and the Bayonne Constitution
    afrancesados
  • What is the most important consequence of the French Revolution?
    C. First example of a new political system based on division of powers created through a violent revolution
  • TRUE OR FALSE: Enlightenment thinkers supported mercantilism.
    FALSE
  • Describe one of the main principles of Enlightenment.
    Learning and teaching; reason; science and technological progress; equality and liberty
  • Why is the French Revolution important?
    (open answer)
  • What is the basic principle of economic liberalism?
    The state should not intervene in the process of production or exchange of goods; instead, it should allow individual business owners to create wealth.
  • What is a parliamentary monarchy based on?
    D. All of the above
  • Explain one of the causes of the American Revolution.
    OPEN ANSWER: Economic (taxes); Political (no representation); Social (Enlightenment)
  • What was this mechanism called?
    Guillotine
  • What was the Convention?
    B. A republic created with the idea of reforming the country
  • What is the difference between the jacobins and girondins?
    (open answer)
  • TRUE OR FALSE: Enlightenment thinkers did not support absolute monarchy and they proposed measures to limit its powers, such as the separation of powers and popular sovereignty.
    TRUE
  • What is mercantilism?
    An economic system based on the idea that a country's wealth depended on how much gold and silver it possessed.
  • What was the War of the Spanish Succession? Who was involved?
    A conflict that arose out of the disputed succession to the throne of Spain following the death of Carlos II; Habsburgs vs Bourbons
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