The elastic rebound theory explains how:
Ground shaking causes faults to slip.
Fault slipping causes ground shaking.
Body waves travel faster than surface waves.
The epicenter is directly above the focus.
Where is the epicenter of an earthquake found?
Above ground, directly above the focus.
Underground, where the rock is breaking.
Underground, below the focus.
About a mile away from the focus.
Which of the following choices describes a tsunami?
A portion of the ground that loosens and slides downhill
A huge sea wave resembling a large rising tide.
The shaking of the ground that liquefies water based soil
Buildings and roads on the Earth's surface that are shaken
The point underground where the earthquake occurs is called the:
Aftershock
Epicenter
Foreshock
Focus
Why do earthquakes occur?
Climate change
Atmospheric pressure
Hurricanes
Stress builds up around fault lines
The seismic waves that do most of the shaking are:
Primary
Love
Rayleigh
Body
A _____ is a machine that produces (a) _____.
seismograph, seismogram
seismogram, seismograph
seismograph, body wave
primary wave, secondary wave
How does a magnitude 4 earthquake differ from a magnitude 8 earthquake in regard to energy?
The magnitude 8 has 1,048,576 times energy than the 4
The magnitude 8 earthquake has 128 times the energy
he magnitude 8 earthquake has 32,768 times energy
The magnitude 8 earthquake has 1,024 times the energy
Identify how liquefaction occurs during an earthquake.
Liquefaction occurs when ground shaking loosens moist soil
Liquefaction occurs when the ground shaking loosens rock
Liquefaction occurs when a large ocean wave comes onto land.
Liquefaction describes an effect such as ripples in a pond
The movement of the ground due to rock breaking below the surface during an earthquake is known as _____.
settlement
subsidence
seismic activity
ground heave
Which statement is FALSE about tectonic plates?
They have very specific movements.
They sit on top of a fluid part of earth's interior.
They fit together like puzzle pieces.
They make up the earth's crust.
An earthquake of Richter magnitude _____ produces 100 times more ground shaking than an earthquake of magnitude _____?
3,4
2,3
3,1
3,2
An earthquake of Richter magnitude _____ produces 100 times more ground shaking than an earthquake of magnitude _____?
3,2
3,4
3,1
2,3
The magnitude of an earthquake is how _____.
fast its waves travel
long it lasts
big or strong it is
much damage it does
Tsunamis are caused by earthquakes that occur _____.
in the mountains
underwater
in the Earth's core
in the plains
P-waves travel as _____ waves while S-waves travel as _____ waves.
horizontal, transverse
transverse, compressional
horizontal, compressional
compressional, transverse
What are the characteristics of an earthquake that make it so damaging?
Cities can't afford to rebuild right away.
Landslides and mudslides caused by earthquakes.
Earthquakes occur with little or no warning.
Many cities do not have enough first responders.
How does fire danger increase during earthquakes?
Cities cannot afford enough firefighters to stop them.
Fallen debris can be flammable, & electrical wiring.
Cities cannot afford enough firefighters to put them out.
There is not enough water available during large earthquakes
What does the Richter scale measure?
The amount of ground shaking and energy of a volcano
The time and location an earthquake
The amount of ground shaking and energy released.
The number of houses that are damaged
What does it mean to say that the Richter scale is logarithmic?
Magnitude is doubled for each step
There is a ten-fold decrease for each step
There is ten-fold increase in ground shaking for each step
Magnitude is cut in half for each step
What can you expect to happen after experiencing an earthquake?
You should expect to feel foreshocks.
You can assume that there will be no more earthquakes.
You should expect to feel aftershocks.
You can assume that geologists will be able to predict it.
Why can geologists not predict earthquakes?
Earthquakes are man made, not natural.
Earthquakes depend on the weather, which is unpredictable.
Foreshocks often don't register on seismographs.
Activities along fault lines are unpredictable.