Explain Capitalism
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What is Geology
The study of the Earths structure.
What is the process that releases nutrients into the environment for future use?
Decomposition
Tree's, bushes, grasses
Vegetation
Why is it important that maps are to scale
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Measurement of population per unit area
Population Density
What is this diagram showing?
Acid Rain
IPCC
International Panel on Climate Change
Name the four global spheres
Lithosphere (geo), Biosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere
Name at least three factors that contribute to higher liveability standards.
Access to public services, Proximity to work, school, shops & healthcare, parks etc
What is this?
The Geographical Concept Wheel
An area of land any size that has at least one common characteristic
Region
What is the mineral mined to produce Aluminium
Bauxite
Name two possible scenarios where natural decrease would be occurring within a country.
War/Famine
What is GNI?
Gross National Income
What does sparsely populated mean?
Few people living in an area
Why is it more difficult to manage water supplies when they are transboundary in nature.
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What is long shore drift?
the movement of material along a coast by waves which approach at an angle to the shore but recede directly away from it.
Name a country in the southern hemisphere
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Name the three trophic levels
Decomposers, Producers, Consumers
Why are goverments planting trees in urban areas
To reduce heat islands and by extension use of climate control.
practical work conducted by a researcher in the natural environment, rather than in a laboratory or office.
Fieldwork
Where would you normally find a scale, legend, compass rose and coordinates
a Map
Sea levels are rising why?
Climate change, melting ice caps and permafrost, warmer oceans = expansion
Explain Push and Pull factors
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Explain the difference between weathering & Erosion
Breakdown v breakdown & removal
The word that relates to Europe & Asia
Eurasian
Name a country in the Northern Hemisphere
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The number of live births per thousand of population per year.
Birth Rate
What are 3 strategies for reducing carbon emissions
Education, renewable energy, advances in technology, carbon capture etc
A device that measures the beach incline in degrees from one point to another.
Clinometer
A group of people that live in a specific area and feel connected
Community
Explain Bipolar Analysis
To measure the environmental, residential quality and perception variables.
Explain a transect line
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Name a country in North America
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The increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities.
Urbanisation
An area mainly consisting of workshops, factories, warehouses and etc
Industrial
The condition of being covered by an ice sheet or glaciers
Glaciation
A person who makes maps is called
a cartographer
What is the name of the most important line of latitude.
The equator
The hydrological (water) cycle is a open or closed system
Closed System
Explain the difference between a mud map and a scaled map
Scaled v rough drawing
Eastings
The vertical lines running from the top to bottom and divide the map from west to east.
The Earth naturally emits ~400MT of CO2 each year compared to humans emitting 40MT. Why are humans the cause of drastic climate change?
Earth Emits 400 and absorbs 400, the 40 from humans is excess.
Geography is...
The study of the Earth & the people living on it
Elevation contour lines to show the shape of the Earth's surface
Topographic
What is a tributary?
a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.
An area mainly consisting of shops, healthcare etc
Commercial
How are oxbow lakes formed?
As erosion continues on the outside bends of the meanders, they can become closer and eventually be broken through resulting in the creation of a straight chann
Why are there very few tertiary consumers?
Only 10% of the energy is transferred to higher trophic levels.
A map has a scale of 1:100,000. What map size would be 2 times larger?
1:50,000
Climate or Weather: At this time of year Adelaide usually experiences hot and wet weather.
Climate
What is an aging population?
More elderly, working age must pay more for welfare.
Explain microclimates
Different land surfaces, shade, temperature changes etc <>
Longitude
the lines on Earth that run North-South
Explain cloud seeding
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Climate or Weather: Hot and dry conditions, together with strong winds, led to Bushfires near Wagga.
Weather
Carbon dioxide has increased in the atmosphere exponetionally since which time period.
Industrial Revolution - 1760 to 1840
What is one advantage of an omnivore over an herbivore or carnivore?
Greater range of food sources.
What scale is 3 times larger than 1:30
1:10
What is natural increase
Births are greater than deaths
A Person who tries to ensure the preservation of animals and plants
Conservationist
Discuss the impact that voluntary migration can have on the country of origin.
Brain drain.
A City is deemed to be a mega city when..
Its population is over 10M
Why should we be eating more insect products
Less water, land, transport, more nutritional.
Explain with examples "Voluntary Migration"
Leaving country of origin voluntarily for work, education, family etc
Orientation
Direction
What is a Meteorologist
A scientist of the atmosphere, especially relating to weather.
Name a 1 Global Goal
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The ability of surfaces to reflect sunlight (heat from the sun)
Albedo Effect
What does GPS stand for?
Global Positioning System
Latitude
the lines on Earth that run East-West
Explain carbon capture
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Name a negative impact on humans from Air Pollution
Health Issues
Which part of Australia is experiencing the strongest winds
SW
Goods and services brought into the country
Imports
What is natural decrease
Deaths are greater than births
What is hydraulic action?
The force of the water breaks rock particles away from the river channel
The clearing of all trees in an area
Deforestation
Having a system of government where people have a say in the running of their own country and elect their leaders
Democratic
Explain Globalisation
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What line of latitude separates the northern and southern hemispheres?
Equator
Which direction would you travel from Alice springs to Melbourne
SE
What is a carbon tax
Incentive to switch to renewable energy for businesses.
Explains what the colours and symbols on a map represent
Key or Legend
Define the term biocapacity?
The capacity of a system to produce useful biological materials and to absorb waste material generated by humans.
What is responsible for the current mass extinction event happening in Australia
Cats
What are the two variables used in a population pyramid
Age & Gender
What is this?
Compass Rose
Which part of Australia would be experiencing the highest temperatures
East coast
Explain with examples "forced Migration"
Forced out of country of origin due to War, famine etc
Explain microplastics, the sources and effects on humans
Clothing, plastic products, into fish into the human body as hormones
A map has a scale of 1:100,000. What map size would be 2 times smaller?
1:200,000
What is an Atlas
A book full of maps
Name 3 green house gases
Methane, water vapour, CO2
Name 4 renewable energy sources
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Explain Migration
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Goods produced in one country and sold in another
Exports
What flood events are caused by humans
Building infrastructure on flood plains/Dam failure.
Northings
The horizontal lines running left to right and divide the map from north to south.
How can climate change impact population distribution.
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Climate or Weather: On Monday night a southerly change arrived about 10:30pm
Weather
Explain Ex-situ and In-situ
Out of place v in place
Name three environmental impacts of the globe warming
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Explain Biodiversity
# of organisms within an ecosystem
Facilities used by people, for examples, houses, roads, buildings
Infrastructure
What is the most important line of longitude
Prime Meridian
Name three countries starting with F
France, Finland, Fiji
Name 4 fieldwork techniques
Photos, notes, sketches, survey, interviews, video, transect line, environmental impact reports etc
Divide the total national income by the population
GDP
Why is coal not a renewable resource?
Does not renew within a a human life time.
Explain the difference between a democratic and communist leadership
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What is meant by anthropogenic causes.
Caused by humans
Land that has less than 250mm rainfall per year
Desert
H20(g)
Water Vapour
Name a country in South East Asia
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CH4
Methane
Name a country in Asia
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What is a water shed?
An area that catches rainfall which flows to the same location.
What natural disaster could reverse global warming in the short term?
Volcanic Eruption
A plant or animal that grows naturally in an area
Native
What are two reasons the DTM may not be correlated with certain countries
Western Model, does not include migration
A person who leaves a country to live permanently elsewhere
Emigrant
What is depopulation
People leaving an area.
Blue Water
Water stored in lakes and rivers
A natural feature of the land like hills valleys etc
Landforms
The red colour on a flag often symbolises...
blood & revolution
Name a country in central America other than Mexico
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Describe the main land use
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When useful land on the edge of a desert becomes unusable
Desertification
How has the cartographer made it clear what territory belongs to which country
Different colours
If a plant has 80 grams of energy, how much will the next trophic level get?
8g
Anthropological records indicate that Indigenous Australians have been on land for?
~60,000 years
What is this?
Demographic Transition Model
Managing projects aimed at conserving the environment
Environmental management
A person. Who has moved to a different country to live.
Migrant
What is TFR
Total Fertility Rate
Name a country in Africa
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What does the acronym GIS stand for?
Global Information Systems
What is the Ring of Fire?
An area located along the Pacific Ocean where 80% of the worlds earthquakes and many active volcanoes occur
Discuss the impact forced migration has on the destination country.
Refugees, $$$
Explain why scientist now use the term climate change instead of the original term, global warming.
Some places on Earth are cooling, the Earth on average is warming.
Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.
Demographics
Is the Earth's albedo increasing or decreasing? Explain why.
Decreasing <>
Rain
Precipitation
A compass Needle will always point
Magnetic North
Explain why renewable resources currently are not carbon neutral?
Mined using fossil fuels
Two properties of rock essential for the formation of aquifers
Porosity & Permeability
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
An area mainly consisting of houses, units, apartment's and and detached dwellings
Residential
Which direction are you heading if you are moving towards 30 degrees
ENE
Satallite Imagery on a map gives you a clearer picture of?
Land use, vegetation, infrastructure etc
Name four natural disasters?
Earth Quake, Tsunami, Flood, Lightning induces bush fires, landslides, cyclones, meteor impact
A person who has come from another country to live
Immigrant
Name a country in South America
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