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11.7 USHG - Prosperity and Depression
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Critics like Huey Long argued the New Deal
 
Did not go far enough in redistributing wealth
 
Gave too much to farmers
 
Ended local control of education
 
Banned worker strikes
What was a key failure of the New Deal?
 
It did not end the Great Depression
 
It weakened Social Security
 
It reduced political participation
 
It outlawed unions
The New Deal changed the relationship between government and the people by
 
Making the federal government responsible for public welfare
 
Limiting free speech
 
Ending voting rights for immigrants
 
Reducing federal spending
Eleanor Roosevelt was known for
 
Advocating for civil rights and women’s issues
 
Opposing New Deal reforms
 
Leading the Department of Agriculture
 
Passing labor laws in Congress
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) helped by
 
Providing jobs and electricity in rural areas
 
Reducing wartime inflation
 
Financing overseas factories
 
Regulating housing prices
A lasting result of the New Deal is that
 
The federal government became more involved in the economy
 
Private charities controlled unemployment benefits
 
Presidential powers were weakened
 
States took over social programs
FDR’s court-packing plan was seen as a threat to
 
Separation of powers in government
 
Congress’s control over taxes
 
Presidential veto power
 
Federalism in education
A major criticism of the New Deal was that it
 
Expanded the role of the federal government too much
 
Ignored rural communities
 
Gave too much power to state governments
 
Encouraged monopolies
The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) strengthened
 
Workers’ right to form unions
 
Tax policy
 
Military draft
 
Business monopolies
The Social Security Act was designed to
 
Provide income for the elderly and disabled
 
Offer free education
 
Limit immigration
 
Create new labor unions
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) helped
 
Young men find jobs in environmental projects
 
Elderly Americans
 
Farmers buy new equipment
 
Build railroads in the West
The purpose of FDR’s New Deal was to
 
Provide relief, recovery, and reform
 
Prepare for war
 
Increase exports
 
End segregation in the South
FDR’s approach to the Depression was known as
 
The New Deal
 
The Great Society
 
Big Stick Diplomacy
 
The Fair Deal
The Bonus Army marched on Washington to
 
Demand early payment of WWI bonuses
 
End immigration quotas
 
Protest Prohibition
 
Support tax increases
Shantytowns during the Depression were often called
 
Hoovervilles
 
Liberty Camps
 
Roosevelt Villages
 
Economic Zones
Hoover believed the Depression could be solved by
 
Voluntary actions from businesses and individuals
 
Massive government programs
 
Raising taxes on the wealthy
 
Public ownership of banks
"Riding the rails" during the Depression referred to
 
Unemployed people hopping freight trains to find work
 
Vacation travel for Americans during the depression
 
Tourism campaigns to attract workers to cities
 
Labor strikes in the West
The Dust Bowl most directly impacted
 
Farmers in the Great Plains region
 
Coal miners in Pennsylvania
 
Immigrants from Europe
 
Dockworkers on the East Coast
During the Depression, the Dust Bowl was
 
An environmental disaster that forced farmers to migrate
 
A mining strike in California
 
A major tornado in the Midwest
 
A plan to plant wheat in deserts
A major cause of the Great Depression was
 
Overproduction and underconsumption
 
Excessive government regulation
 
Strict banking policies
 
High tariffs on American imports
The stock market crash of 1929 was caused in part by
 
Speculation and buying stocks on margin
 
Government seizure of banks
 
Overproduction of agricultural goods
 
Foreign military conflict
One result of the rise of the automobile was
 
Growth of suburbs and new industries
 
Decline in farm production
 
Greater use of horses
 
Ban on women drivers
Henry Ford revolutionized industry by
 
Perfecting the assembly line for mass production
 
Inventing the steam engine
 
Creating labor unions
 
Limiting wages for workers
The Immigration Quota Acts of the 1920s aimed to
 
Limit immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe
 
Encourage skilled workers to immigrate
 
Increase diversity in U.S. schools
 
Provide jobs for new arrivals
Sacco and Vanzetti were convicted during a time of
 
Widespread nativism and fear of immigrants
 
Racial integration in the South
 
Strict prohibition enforcement
 
Political party reform
The Red Scare of the 1920s was fueled by
 
Fear of communism and political radicals
 
German attacks during WWI
 
Southern civil rights activism
 
Economic depression in Europe
The Scopes Trial highlighted a conflict between
 
Science and religion in public education
 
Federal and state governments
 
Labor unions and management
 
Democrats and Republicans
Langston Hughes is best known for his
 
Harlem Renaissance Poetry
 
Political speeches
 
Union organizing
 
Business reforms
The Harlem Renaissance was a period of
 
Artistic and cultural expression by African Americans
 
Civil Rights legislation
 
Military expansion into Africa
 
Black migration to Canada
The term “flappers” in the 1920s referred to
 
Young women who challenged traditional roles
 
Women who worked in factories
 
Suffragists who organized protests
 
Female union organizers
A major result of the 18th Amendment was
 
A rise in illegal alcohol sales and organized crime
 
Less crime in cities
 
Increased industrial output
 
More voter turnout in rural areas
The 1920s were often called the “Roaring Twenties” because
 
It was a time of social, cultural, and economic change
 
Everyone could afford luxury goods
 
The U.S. passed many new tariffs
 
There were no political disputes