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Health and the Immune System
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When people have a bacterial infection what treatment is prescribed?
 
Antibiotics
 
Antivirals
 
Anti-fungal medicines
 
All of the above
There are ways that we can prevent disease e.g. vaccines. Can you name 1 other and how it works?
Personal and environmental hygiene; sexual health; food hygiene; taking care when travelling e.g. only drinking bottled water; pet care
How does a vaccination work?
Weak/dead forms of a virus/bacterium that do not cause ilness are injected which triggers a specific immune response that produces antibodies and memory cells.
The third line of defence to stop a pathogen is the specific immune response, carried out by...
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes are a type of...
 
White blood cell
 
Red blood cell
 
Plasma
 
Phagocytes
What is the function of T-Cells?
 
Recognise antigens and destroy them
 
Make antibodies specific to the antigen that activated them
The body has natural barriers that prevent pathogens entering the body, what are the 3 types?
Physical (e.g. skin), Chemical (e.g. saliva) and Biological
What does it mean when someone has developed immunity?
 
The ability to resist the invasion of a foreign substance
 
When someone can never get sick
 
A natural barrier preventing foreign substances entering
 
The ability to kill any foreign substance in the body
What is the human immune system?
The immune system protects the human body against invasion by pathogens.
Pathogens can enter a persons body through various portals, name 1:
Either: Skin, respiratory tract, digestive tract or genital tract
What do we mean by an endemic disease?
 
Disease that is only present in a certain region/population
 
Increase of number of cases in a region to a high rate
 
When a disease has spread to several countries
Diseases are transmitted through a process called chain of infection, which is...
 
Agent - Source - Vector - Host
 
Source - Agent - Vector - Host
 
Vector - Host - Agent - Source
 
Host - Source - Agent - Vector
Diseases are commonly classified into two types. What are these?
Infectious and non-infectious
In 1948 the World Health Organisation redfined health as a combination of... (3 types of health)
Physical health , Mental health and Social well-being
What is a disease?
A change in the body that produces a loss of health.
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