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DNA UNIT EXAM REVIEW
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What are mutations?
a change in the code of the dna
DNA is the code for building proteins (T/F)
True
A_____ is a section of a chromosome that contains the instructions for making 1 protein.
gene
What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
translation and transcription
what two nucleic acids are used in protein synthesis?
DNA and RNA
What is another word for protein?
Polypeptide
What is a trait?
A trait is arise from proteins coded for by an organisms DNA
What does the ribosome do in protein synthesis?
Its important for finding the amino acid that codes for the mRNA and building the amino acid cahin
what does the ribosome do in protein synthesis
Explain the two enzymes important for DNA replication.
Helicase Unzips the DNA. DNA polymerase finds the base paris
Explain how to use the Condon wheel.
(vary)
what is a polypeptide chain?
a bunch of amino acids put together by a ribosome
What are amino acids?
the building blocks of life
What is the purpose of translation?
RNA to protein
what is the process of transcription?
DNA to RNA
What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
(answers vary)
What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
(answers vary)
What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
(answers vary)
During the DNA extraction lab what was the purpose of the soap?
To break down the cell membrane and expose the DNA.
What is the mRNA for Asparagine?
AAC and AAU
What is the amino acid for GGG and GAA?
Glycine and Glutamic acid
What are the three mRNA that codes for the Stop Codons?
UAA, UAG, UGA
What is the mRNA that codes for the start codon (amino Acid)?
AUG
What is the amino acid for the start codon?
Methonine
What is the mRNA of this DNA strand ATCGCGTTTAACG
TAGCGCAAATTGC
DNA is a type of _____ molecule of life.
Nucleic acid
DNA is called the _______ for all living things.
blueprint or recipe.
In what step of the cell cycle do cell replicate their DNA?
M phase
Why is the cell cycle so important?
It is how cells prepare and create copies.
Where in the cell does DNA live?
In the Nucleus
What does DNA Polymerase do?
Adds free commentary nucleotide bases
What does DNA Helicase do?
Unzips the DNA
What type of bonds holds DNA together?
Weak Hydrogen bonds
In DNA what pairs with A?
T
What always pairs with T?
A
What always Pairs with G?
C
What always pairs with C?
G
What Pairs with A in mRNA?
U
In DNA Replication what are the 4 Bases?
A, G, T, C
Which of the three molecules do the base pairing rule?
Nitrogen bases
What are the three molecules that make up DNA?
Phosphate, Nitrogen Base, Deoxyribose (sugar)
Why is DNA called a double helix?
DNA is double stranded and twists