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Introduction to Linguistics
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What is linguistic relativism?
different languages encode different categories and that speakers of different languages therefore think about the world
What are two fundamental properties that distinguish human language from the communication systems of birds and other animals
Displacement and discreteness
Which language does not have a plural and singular form?
Zulu
Which languages and dialects are fully expressive, complete, and logical,?
All
According to which hypothesis the particular language we speak determines or influences our thoughts and perceptions of the world?
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Which type of grammar of a language represents the unconscious linguistic knowledge or capacity of its speakers
descriptive grammar
Who is regarded as the father of modern linguistics?
Noam Chomsky
What is the creative aspect of language?
Knowing a language means being able to produce and understand new sentences never spoken before.
What is sound symbolism in language?
words whose pronunciation suggests their meanings.
The word bolna means ‘aching’ in Russian and what does it mean in Hindu-Urdu?
‘speak’ in Hindu-Urdu
When we study human language, we are approaching what some might call the “human essence,” the distinctive qualities of mind that are, so far as we know, unique to man. Whose idea is this?
Noam Chomsky
What is meta language?
Describing the language, talking about the language
How can we compare the work of linguists to CSI criminologists?
use a variety of methods of analyzing language in order to illuminate many different aspects of language
What was Kerr (2005)'s opinion about the use of jargon?
It is unlikely to change given the profession’s fondness for novelty and a societal value that prioritizes codified prp.nal knwl.ge over uncodified prc. knowhow
Who suggested that parroting professional language may also disguise one’s lack of knowledge or function as a mechanism to purposely mislead an audience?
Hirst, 2003; Robins & Crystal, 2019
What Bader (1989) aptly noted about neologisms?
“getting other people to use your terms is an indication of power” (p. 629).
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