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4th/5th Grade Science SOL Review

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  •  Which action can be used to prevent soil erosion?
    digging ditches
    Raising grazing animals
    Spraying with water
    planting grass
  • A fungus is found growing on  dead leaves on the forest floor. The fungus is an example of a
    decomposer
    consumer
    producer
    predator
  • What type of cells contains chloroplasts?
    both
    plant
    neither
    animal
  • Which of these human activities in a forest has a positive effect on the ecosystem?
    Planting new trees where old ones were cut down
    Clearing the land to build new homes
    Cutting down trees to make farmland
    Building a new highway through the area
  • To make an electromagnet, a conductor should be coiled around —
    a roll of paper
    an iron nail
    a wooden stick
    a glass tube
  • Which is the best action to help protect water resources in Virginia?
    Put hazardous waste in with house trash.
    Rinse spilled gasoline with a hose
    Organize a river cleanup program
    Dispose of pet waste in a stream.
  • Which of these is a function of a leaf?
    Converting solar energy into sugar
    Carrying nutrients throughout the plant
    Creating shade for the plant
    Absorbing water from the ground
  • Which of the following has the highest salinity?
    Atlantic Ocean
    Chesapeake Bay
    Great Lakes
    Mississippi River
  • Which of these is not considered ocean pollution?
    Chemical runoff
    Dumping garbage
    Artificial reefs
    Oil spills
  • The surface of the Moon is made up of —
    a mixture of gases and water
    swirling gases
    craters, highlands, and flat areas
    large bodies of water
  • Metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary rocks can all be found in which layer of the earth?
    Inner Core
    Mantle
    Outer Core
    Crust
  • Any push or pull that causes an object to move, stop, or change directions is---
    friction
    force
    motion
    speed
  • When two or more elements combine to make a new substance, it is called a(n)
    a new state of matter
    compound
    organism
    atom
  • If you were to measure the perimeter of a b-ball court what would be the best unit of measure?
    centimeters
    inches
    meters
    kilometers
  • A compound is made up of of two or more _____
    mixtures
    elements
    cells
    solutions
  • Seeds can lie dormant for many years until —
    conditions are right for growth
     food webs are complete
    sunlight causes photosynthesis
    conduction of food occurs
  • True or False: Light does not need a medium to travel through.
    False
    True
  • When heat and pressure is applied it forms a(n)  ______________ rock.
    Igneous
    Metamporphic
    Sedimentary
  • Which causes rocks in a stream to be smooth?
    Weathering
    Movement of fish
    Earthquakes
    Air Currents
  • Which of these often occur as the Earth's crustal plates move?
    Hurricanes
    Floods
    Earthquakes
    Tornados
  • Which number on the diagram shows the wavelength?
    1
    4
    2
    3
  • Which layer of Earth is the thinnest?
    Outer Core
    Mantle
    Crust
    Inner core
  • When erosion and compaction is applied it forms a(n)  ______________ rock.
    Metamorphic
    Sedimentary
    Igneous
  • The lowest point on a light wave is called a 
    Crest
    Trench
    Length
    Trough
  • The particles are farthest apart in---
    a table
    a book
    steam
    a Pepsi
  • Seeds that remain inactive until the right conditions are present are called
    Recycled
    Flowers
    Dormant
    Pollen
  • When stirred together, which two substances form a solution?
    Sand and salt
    Sugar and salt
    Sugar and water
    Sand and water
  •  Which of these is an example of a behavioral adaptation?
    A cow that has flat teeth
    An owl that has soft feathers
    A fish that has scales
     A squirrel that has buried acorns
  • High and low tides on the coast are caused mostly by —
    storms over the ocean
    Underwater Earthquakes
    the gravity from the moon
    the tilt of the Earth
  • In this food web, which two organisms could be harmed if the mouse population were to decline?
    Deer and caterpillar
    Oak and grass
    Hawk and songbird
    Wolf and Snake
  • Which layer contains the oldest fossils?
    2
    4
    1
    3
  • Which plant part develops into a fruit?
    Leaf
    Root
    Flower
    Stem
  • What tool is used to measure the relative amount of water in the air?
    A barometer
    A hygrometer
     An anemometer
    A thermometer
  • According to the picture, which of these is an inference rather than an observation?
    The animal is frightened.
    This animal has hair.
    This animal has a tail.
    This animal is arching its back.
  • Nickel and iron are found mostly in the layer of the earth known as the 
    volcano
    core
    crust
    mantle
  • People put sugar in their tea to make it sweet. The sugar will dissolve fastest when the tea
    is hot
    is cold
    is in a tall glass
    has lemon in it
  • Many electrical wires are wrapped with a plastic coating because plastic is —
    a good insulator
     less expensive than steel
     more dense than copper
    able to keep its shape
  • Which of these organisms has cells with cell walls?
    A ladybug
    A pine tree
    A bluebird
    A fox squirrel
  • Sonar helps people find which information about an object?
    Location
    Color
    Weight
    Temperature
  • All of the populations of species in an area make up a —
    community
    family
    region
    niche
  • The amount of heat in the Earth's atmosphere is referred to as--
    air pressure
    humidity
    altitude
    temperature
  • The diagram shows a model of the ocean floor. Which number identifies the continental slope?
    1
    3
    4
    2
  • The amount of matter in an object is referred to as its
    weight
    mass
    height
    volume
  • The greater the frequency of a sound wave, the —
    softer the sound
    louder the sound
    lower the pitch
    higher the pitch
  • Which is the best tool for measuring the temperature of lake water?
    Thermometer
    Graduated Cylinder
    Balance Scale
    Meter Stick
  • Which unit is best to use to measure the distance a runner covered in 30 seconds?
    cm
    m
    km
    mm
  • Sound travels best through---
    gas
    solid
    Liquid
  • Which of these is the most important product of Virginia forests?
    Pine Cones
    Pecan trees
    Maple leaves
    Hardwood lumber
  • During a thunderstorm, you see the lightning before you hear thunder. This is because
    sound and light travel at the same speed
    light travels faster than sound
     sound has longer wavelengths than light
    light has a greater mass than sound
  • Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?
    Continental slopes
    Continental shelves
    Ocean trenches
    Abyssal plains
  • Trees, wild flowers, and grasses are all considered to be —
    vascular plants
    woody plants
    nonvascular plants
    nonwoody plants
  • What is the shallow part of the ocean called?
    Continental Slope
    Continental Shelf
    Trench
    Abyssal Plain
  • What par of a cell is necessary for a plant to make its own food?
    cytoplasm
    chlorophyll
    chloroplast
    vacoule
  • Which of these is a natural resource of Virginia?
    A power plant
    A river
    A dam
    A glacier
  • The magnetic fields of any magnet are greatest
    around only the north pole
    around the middle
    around only the south pole
    around the poles
  • What organism is at the base every marine food web?
    moss
    Clams
    Plankton
    Small Fish 
  • Which energy transformation most likely occurs in a steam iron?
    Electrical energy changes to sound energy.
    Mechanical energy changes to heat energy.
    Mechanical energy changes to light energy.
    Electrical energy changes to heat energy.
  • Copper wire is often wrapped  in plastic. Plastic material is a good
    insulator
    electromagnet
    conductor
    circuit
  •  Pumice is formed when lava from a volcano cools. Which rock type is pumice?
    Sedimentary Rock
    Metamorphic Rock
    Igneous Rock
    Gaseous rock
  • A student throws a ball. Which of these best describes the moving ball?
    The ball has light energy
    The ball has kinetic energy
    The ball is transferring sound energy to the air
    The ball is transferring light energy to the air
  • One way that mosses and ferns are similar is they both —
    are dormant during the winter
    produce spores
    are flowering plants
    grow in areas with little rainfall
  • Which substance produced during photosynthesis is represented by the X in the illustration?
    Sunlight
    Oxygen
    Carbon Dioxide
    Water 
  • Deer only eat grass and other plants. Deer must be --
    hunters
    omnivores
    herbivores
    carnivores
  • Which cell part is responsible for controlling the activities in other parts of the cell?
    Nucelus
    Cell Wall
    Chloroplast
    Vacuole
  • The ocean floor —
    is covered by the same amount of water everywhere
    has mountains, plains, and ridges like land surfaces
    covers less area than the land
    is always a flat bed of sand
  • How is a fish different from a jellyfish?
    A fish is in the animal kingdom
    A fish lives in water.
    A fish has a backbone.
    A fish can reproduce.
  • Each of these simple machines contains a —
    wheel and axle
    pulley
    lever
    wedge
  • The pathway taken by an electric current is called--
    a circle
    an insulator
    a conductor
    a circuit
  • When melting and cooling is applied it forms a(n)  ______________ rock.
    Igneous
    Metamorphic
    Sedimentary
  • Which part of an automobile is transparent?
    Door Handle
    Hubcap
    Wind Shield
    Side Mirror
  • Which of these will most likely happen to the balloon as the chemicals react?
    It will break.
    It will inflate.
    It will float.
    It will change color.
  • During pollination, pollen is transferred from a stamen to a —
    Petal
    Stem
    Sepal
    Stigma
  • Which of the following is the best observation of the refraction of light?
    Looking at oneself in a mirror
    Viewing an object through an open window
    Looking at a shadow of an object
    Viewing an object partially in water
  • Mom wanted more light in the living room so she bought a lamp shade that was more ______.
    translucent
    opaque
  • The energy used to move most bicycles is an example of what type of energy?
    Nuclear
    Mechanical
    Electrical
    Chemical
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