What were the main buildings in Mesopotamian cities?
ziggurat and the palace
Before passing into the afterlife, the dead presented themselves for the judgment of who?
Judgment of Osiris
Where did the majority of Egyptians live? How were their houses?
villages; basic homes made of straw and mud
What architecture is this?
arch and vault (in Mesopotamia)
Who was the god of wisdom?
Thoth
Who was Osiris?
god of the the dead
What religion did the Egyptians practice?
Polytheism (worship many gods)
What did Egyptians believe happened after death?
afterlife
How were the 3 types of Egyptian tombs different?
mastaba (simple, low), pyramids, hypogeums (underground)
Who was the god of war?
Horus
What happens to the Nile River in June? How did the Egyptians use this to their advantage?
The river rises and floods. They used it to water the plants/crops & created irrigations.
Mesopotamia was located between what two rivers?
Tigris and Euphrates
What were important architectures in Ancient Egypt?
lintels; based on monumentalism (represented power of the gods)
What were the main empires of Mesopotamia
Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Persian
Who had absolute power in Egypt?
The Pharoahs
What architecture is this?
Lintels
Who was the most popular Egyptian god?
Ra (the Sun god)
Where did the first urban civilizations begin?
Mesopotamia
What is another word for temple?
ziggurat
How was Egyptian society organized?
Priveleged class (high officials, priests, scribes) & common people (peasants, traders and artisans, slaves)
What were the staple foods in Egypt?
beer, bread, dried fish, lentils, peas, fruit
How did men, women, and children dress in Ancient Egypt?
man: cloth tied at the waist; women: linen robe; children: naked
Ur, Uruk, and Lagash were....
city-states
What were Mesopotamia's great contributions to architecture?
the arch and the vault
What did Egyptians put in the tombs?
paintings, statues, jewels
What powers did the pharoah have?
Pharoahs maintained law and order, acted as military leaders, controlled irrigation
Who was the goddess of fertility?
Isis
What did the statues in Mesopotamia depict/show?
worshipping
What is the ka?
the soul
How did the Egyptians preserve the bodies for the after life?
mummification
What did the Egyptians develop to predict the rises in the Nile River?
developed maths and a calendar
What was Egyptian architecture like?
lintels, monumentalism, sphinxes, buildings made of stone and decorated w/ engravings, sculptures
When and where did the first urban civilizations appear?
Mesopotamia, 6000 years ago
Who were the lowest class of society in Egypt?
slaves
Who was Horus?
god of war
Where did the wealthy people in Egypt live? What were their houses like?
cities; houses had many rooms, made of stone and brick