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Chapter 5 Sections 1-3

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  • Why did Patriot John Adams defend the British soldiers who took part in the Boston Massacre?
    Adams wanted to expand his law practice.
    Adams believed all people deserved a fair trial.
    Adams was a secret British sympathizer.
    Adams wanted to show that the Patriots were not at fault.
  • What advantages did both sides have at the battles at Lexington and Concord?
    British soldiers had the advantages of superior weapons/training. The minutemen had the advantages of knowing the terrain better and defending their own homes
  • Who were the Sons of Liberty?
    the groups of merchants, shopkeepers, and craftsmen who successfully opposed the Stamp Act by establishing networks to boycott British goods
  • What media did Samuel Adams and other Patriots use to circulate their ideas?
    The delegates cited “the laws of nature, the British constitution, and the charter of this province” in support of their rights.
  • What was the Quartering Act?
    one of several British laws that required American colonists to provide housing and food for British soldiers stationed in North America
  • What do you call a a form of protest that involves refusing to purchase goods or services?
    boycott
  • What was the Boston Massacre?
    the 1770 incident in which British soldiers fired on locals who had been taunting them
  • What was a result of the fighting at Lexington and Concord?
    The Patriots supported colonial independence.
    The British won.
    The British suffered fewer casualties.
    The Loyalists gained more followers.
  • What is an American colonist who supported the right of the American colonies to govern themselves?
    A Patriot
  • What is income or money that is received called?
    revenue
  • Who were the committee of correspondence?
    in the Revolutionary era, a group of colonists whose duty it was to spread news about protests against the British
  • Besides colonial tea merchants, who suffered direct losses because of the Tea Act of 1773?
    members of the British East India Company
  • What did Ralph Waldo Emerson mean by the phrase “the shot heard round the world”?
    The fighting at Concord inspired many other struggles for freedom.
  • What was the British law that regulated paper money in the American colonies called?
    The Currency Act
  • What does repeal mean?
    to cancel or nullify, especially a law
  • Why did the British government need extra revenue in 1763
    Britain had to recoup the costs of its victory in the French and Indian War
  • What events led up to the Boston Massacre?
    1) Boy insults soldier 2) Soldier hits kid 3) Angry mob surrounds soldier 4) 7 soldiers arrive 5) mob throws items 6) soldier gets clubbed 7) soldiers fire
  • What do you call a military force made up of local citizens to help protect their town, land, or nation
    militia
  • How did the Intolerable Acts strengthen the Quartering Act?
    Soldiers could now take over private homes.
  • Why did King George III try to limit contact between the citizens of the British colonies and Native Americans?
    to keep peace on the frontier
  • What was the Proclamation of 1763?
    a law requiring colonists to stay east of a line drawn on a map along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains
  • What were the writs of assistance?
    a legal document giving authorities the right to enter and search a home or business
  • What was the 1st Continental Congress?
    the 1774 meeting of representatives from all American colonies to decide on a response to the Intolerable Acts
  • After the First Continental Congress, why did the colonial militia start storing arms?
    The colonists had realized that they might have to fight British soldiers.
  • How did the Currency Act contribute to colonial anger over the Stamp Tax?
    The Currency Act made it illegal to use anything but British coins. The Stamp Act said that taxes be paid in those rare coins—and threatened seizure of goods.
  • What is unjust rule by an absolute ruler called?
    tyranny
  • What was Prime Minister George Grenville's policy toward the colonies?
    Britain should tax colonies directly to raise money to pay for the war debt
  • Was the Boston Tea Party an effective form of protest?
    Reasonable opinion; supported by cited evidence.
  • What is the Sugar Act?
    the British law that lowered the duty on molasses to cut out smuggling, so that the British would get the revenue
  • What is a duty?
    a tax on imports
  • Why did Virginia and other colonies claim the sole right to tax their inhabitants?
    because colonists had representation only in their colonial assemblies
  • What is a minuteman?
    an American colonial militia member who was ready to join in combat at a moment's notice
  • What right of the colonists did the British governor limit when he disbanded the Massachusetts Assembly?
    the right to follow their own consciences
    the right to challenge a leader's authority
    the right to boycott British goods
    the right to their own representative governments
  • What is a grievance?
    an objection or reason to complain
  • What is an American colonist who supported Britain during the American Revolution
    A Loyalist
  • What right did the Intolerable Acts take away from Massachusetts?
    the right of citizens to elect representatives to the bodies that governed them
  • How did the increase in the number of British troops help cause the Boston Massacre?
    British soldiers had advantages of superior weapons and training. The minutemen had the advantages of knowing the terrain better and defending their own homes.
  • What was the Tea Act?
    the British law stating that only the East India Company was allowed to sell tea to the American colonists
  • How did the Townshend Acts affect the government of the colonies?
    The acts moved governors and judges from colonial payrolls to royal payrolls.
  • What were the set of British laws that placed duties on tea, glass, paper, lead, and paint; required colonists to purchase from Britain called?
    The Townshend Acts
  • Why did some colonists object to the Proclamation of 1763?
    They thought the king was restricting their freedom to expand westward.
  • How did the Currency Act of 1764 directly affect Benjamin Franklin?
    He had to stop printing colonial paper money
    He created new currency sizes and designs
    He paid for stamps for documents he printed.
    He had to pay his taxes directly to Britain
  • What was the British law requiring colonists to purchase a stamp for official documents and published papers called?
    The Stamp Act
  • Why were many colonists against writs of assistance?
    The writs allowed and justified searches without cause.
  • What methods did some merchants in the English colonies probably use to get around the Sugar Act, the Currency Act, and the Stamp Act?
    Merchants in the colonies may have smuggled or hidden their goods, falsified their tax documents, bartered for goods, or tried to use illegal colonial money.
  • What were the British laws passed to punish the people of Boston after the Boston Tea Party; also called the Coercive Acts called?
    The Intolerable Acts
  • What did the delegates to the First Continental Congress cite in support of their rights?
    The delegates cited “the laws of nature, the British constitution, and the charter of this province” in support of their rights.
  • What was the Boston Tea Party?
    the 1773 incident in which the Sons of Liberty boarded British ships and dumped their cargo in protest of British taxes on the colonists
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