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Feudal Europe

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  • In the castle, opening through which archers shoot:
    arrow slit .
  • They owned their own land (allods):
    free peasants .
  • How did the Church regulate people's lives?
    Through the ceremonies that marked a person's life and festivities throughout the year.
  • They worked the lord's land:
    serfs .
  • The main crops in feudal Europe were cereals, pulses, grape vines and olive trees. Vegetables and fruit trees are also planted. True or false?
    true
  • What was the social role of the Church?
    Helping the poor, caring for the sick and teaching in monastery schools.
  • Fallow was part of a field left unplanted for a year or two for the soil to recover. True or false?
    true
  • In the castle, gate that protected the door:
    portcullis .
  • What was the meaning of the King's cloak?
    service towards the Church
  • The peasants also established a system of personal relations with the king: in exchange for protection, peasants worked the monarch's lands and became his servants. True or false?
    false
  • Courtship in which the knight must behave towards their lady as vassals would towards their lord:
    courtly love .
  • To govern and maintain their kingdoms, monarchs had to rely on nobles, with whom they established a system of personal relationships known as...
    vassalage.
  • Plot of land that the lord provided to serfs or free peasants in exchange for their labour and taxes.
    holding
  • Single combat between two knights:
    joust .
  • The lesser nobility who ruled part of a fief granted by a feudal lord and kept a small army were called...
    knights
  • What was the main income of the Church?
    Tithes, manorial rights, donations from the faithful, rent from houses and the sale of products from its lands.
  • The fall of Charlemagne's empire and a series of invasions in the 9th and 10th centuries facilitated the expansion of feudalism. True or false?
    true
  • They could not leave the fiefdom, get married or leave inheritance without the permission of the lord:
    serfs .
  • The noble, idealised and chivalrous courtship ritual that troubadours sang about:
    courtly love .
  • What religious obligations did Christians have to fulfill?
    Pray daily, attend Mass on Sundays, fast during Lent, confess once a year, practise charity...
  • The two-field system is a rotation system based on using the field to grow a winter crop the first part of the year, a spring crop the second part of the year and leave fallow land at the end of the year. True or false?
    false
  • The basis of feudalism was the system of personal relationships established between kings and nobles: kings made nobles their vassals and, in exchange for military aid, granted them a fiefdom. True or false?
    true
  • A king's vassal, of noble or ecclesiastical origin, who ruled and economically exploited a fiefdom was called...
    a feudal lord.
  • Peasants' obligation to offer the lord the first fruits of the harvest.
    first fruit
  • Banquets or parties were sometimes held in which minstrels and troubadours performed. They ate a lot of meat and drank wine and beer. True or false?
    true
  • The complete authority of a feudal lord over his fiefdom and the obligation to protect peasants in case of war or danger.
    jurisdictional power
  • Why was the church the most important building in any village or city?
    Because its bells marked the rhythm of daily life, announcing mass, warning of danger and calling meetings.
  • What was the meaning of the King's sceptre?
    the divine origin of royal power
  • What was the meaning of the King's sword?
    military strength
  • What was the meaning of the King's crown?
    supreme authority and power
  • The work peasants were forced to do a certain number of days a year on the lord's land.
    personal service
  • They had the right to get married, leave the fiefdom, learn a trade, etc.):
    free peasants .
  • Power granted to feudal lords to issue orders, administer justice, control and collect taxes for services and impose other taxes.
    jurisdictional rights
  • Structure with two or three floors, where the feudal lord and his family lived and surveillance was kept:
    keep .
  • Open space in the centre of the castle where the army and knights trained:
    parade ground
  • Personal relationship of dependency and loyalty established between a king and a noble:
    vassalage .
  • Feudal lord's right to collect payment from peasants for use of the oven, the mill, the blacksmith's and other services.
    monopoly right
  • In the castle, small square stone pillars that crowned the walls and towers:
    battlements .
  • Narrow walkway along the castle walls, protected from the outside by a crenellated wall:
    patrol path .
  • State of peasants who have been placed under the protection of a nobleman in exchange for working his land:
    serfdom .
  • Peasants practised industrialised farming and sold what they grew. True or false?
    false
  • What was the meaning of the King's hand of justice?
    the authority to judge
  • The most important activities for nobles were training for battle, hunting and falconry. True or false?
    true
  • They were not legally bound to a lord:
    free peasants .
  • The ceremony in which the king gave the vassal some land (fief) to govern was...
    investiture.
  • The best land that the lord reserved for himself.
    demesne
  • Kings relied on nobles to protect their kingdoms. True or false?
    true
  • Tell us 5 parts of the castle in the picture:
    1 tower 2 drawbridge 3 servants' quarters 4 parade ground 5 Keep 6 battlements 7 walls 8 arrow slit 9 moat
  • Medieval society was divided into three classes: nobles, clergy and peasants. True or false?
    false
  • The ceremony in which the vassal knelt before the king and promised his fidelity, advice and military and economic help was...
    homage.
  • Nobles lived in palaces in village centres. True or false?
    false
  • The part of the harvest that peasants had to give the lord.
    census
  • What was the meaning of the King's crown?
    supreme authority and power
  • Conflict in which knights fought in their lords' armies to defend the territory or come to the aid of the king:
    war .
  • Confrontation with real weapons between groups of knights:
    tournament .
  • The right of feudal lords to economically exploit their lands.
    territorial rights
  • Territory owned by a nobleman who governs with total freedom in the name of King:
    fief .
  • Name 4 of the different parts that make up a knight's equipment:
    1 protection for the horse 2 mail coat 3 helmet 4 shield 5 lance 6 bridle 7 stirrup 8 spur
  • Noblewomen were never responsible for the castle and its domains. True or false?
    false
  • What was the meaning of the King's gold ring?
    the union of God and his people through the monarch
  • The main activities of noblewomen were studying (reading and maths), cooking and sewing. True or false?
    false
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