Suppose a sea mount (little island in the ocean) forms from an underwater volcano. Birds from the mainland happen to colonize the island and no longer interbreed with the original population due to distance. What type of isolation?
Geographic
The process in which one species splits into two or more species
Speciation
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring are called a
Species
Any change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell is called a
Mutation
Give an example of one source of genetic variation for a population
Mutations (will also accept sexual reproduction)
This selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups
Disruptive Selection
In this type of natural selection, individuals with intermediate traits (the average/middle) are more likely to survive and reproduce
Stabilizing
There are two types of genetic drift, founder effect and the ________________ .
Bottleneck effect
In natural selection, the selective agent is
the environment
When members of a population become a new species due to having different courtship rituals (singing, dancing, etc...) , this is called __________ isolation.
Behavioral
All of the genetic information (all of the alleles) found in a population.
Gene pool
The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called
Founder Effect
What does this image represent?
the Founder effect
True/False: Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to a random, chance event.
TRUE
This occurs when 2 populations can no longer interbreed
Reproductive isolation
Natural selection acts directly on (genotype/phenotype) - choose one
Phenotype!
Temporal isolation occurs when two different parts of the population reproduce at different _______________ .
Times
Florida panthers used to be more numerous in the Everglades. Today, there are only a few hundred left in the wild due to habitat loss and cars. Numbers are slowly recovering. Which genetic drift is this?
Bottleneck effect
This selection pressure favors ONE of the extreme phenotypes (one side of the bell curve) , which shifts allele frequencies to one side or the other
Directional Selection
This mechanism of evolution occurs when individuals migrate between populations.
Gene Flow
This is a mechanism of evolution in which allele frequencies of a population change over generations due to chance, NOT fitness
Genetic Drift
This part of meiosis can help contribute to new genetic combinations in populations
Crossing Over
The frequency of phenotypes for a typical polygenic trait is most often shown as
Bell Curve