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Chap 23 USH

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  • Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban missile crisis?
    Nikita Khrushchev
  • At what latitude was Korea divided after World War II?
    The 38th parallel
  • In what year did the Cuban missile crisis occur?
    1962
  • How many Americans died in the Korean War?
    More than 54,000
  • Name the three major organizations Truman helped establish or lead the U.S. to join.
    The United Nations, NATO, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
  • Is Korea still divided today?
    Yes
  • What year did Communist forces gain control of mainland China?
    1949
  • Why was MacArthur dismissed during the Korean War?
    He wanted to take the fight to China, but Truman preferred limited war
  • Who became president after Kennedy's assassination?
    Lyndon Johnson
  • What action did the Soviets take to create tension over Berlin after the war?
    They set up a blockade denying all road, rail, and river access across East Germany to Berlin
  • Who was placed in charge of UN military forces in the Korean War?
    General Douglas MacArthur
  • Who were the two leaders fighting for control of China during its civil war?
    Chiang Kai-shek (Nationalist) and Mao Zedong (Communist)
  • What term describes the hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union?
    The Cold War
  • Who became president after FDR died in office?
    Harry Truman
  • What theory did Eisenhower support regarding communist expansion in Southeast Asia?
    The domino theory
  • Who became president of South Vietnam?
    Ngo Dinh Diem
  • How did Truman respond to the Soviet blockade of Berlin?
    With a massive airlift of food and supplies to West Berlin that continued for eleven months
  • What was President Truman's policy to halt Soviet expansion?
    Containment
  • Who was the Communist leader in Vietnam who defeated the French?
    Ho Chi Minh
  • In what year was President Kennedy assassinated?
    1963
  • Which Eastern European nations fell under Soviet control after World War II?
    Poland, Romania, East Germany, Hungary, Bulgaria, Albania, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia
  • When did Fidel Castro become the Communist dictator of Cuba?
    1959
  • At what battle did Ho Chi Minh defeat the French?
    The Battle of Dien Bien Phu
  • What was the failed CIA operation to overthrow Castro called?
    The Bay of Pigs
  • What military alliance did Communist Eastern Europe create in response to NATO?
    The Warsaw Pact
  • What amphibious invasion did MacArthur launch behind North Korean lines?
    The invasion at Inchon
  • What term referred to nations that did not align with either the East or West during the Cold War?
    Third World
  • Which two countries did the Soviet Union attempt to take over to gain access to the Aegean Sea?
    Greece and Turkey
  • What structure did the Soviets erect to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin?
    The Berlin Wall
  • Which Japanese official was executed after World War II trials?
    Hideki Tojo
  • Where were trials held for Nazi war criminals after World War II?
    Nuremberg
  • How many permanent members does the UN Security Council currently include?
    Five
  • How many Western European countries, plus the United States and Canada, formed NATO?
    Ten Western European countries
  • What did Winston Churchill call the division between Communist Eastern Europe and free Western Europe?
    The "iron curtain"
  • When did North Korea invade South Korea?
    1950
  • What was the Marshall Plan?
    A plan offering massive economic aid to all European countries to stabilize Western Europe and restore trade
  • How much economic aid did Truman ask Congress for to help Greece and Turkey?
    $400 million
  • What action did Kennedy take to prevent more Soviet missiles from reaching Cuba?
    He established a naval blockade around the island
  • What was the name of Truman's policy of aiding countries fighting Communist takeovers?
    The Truman Doctrine
  • What are the two major agencies that constitute the United Nations?
    The General Assembly and the Security Council
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