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Topic 6: 1st and 2nd language acquisition

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  • What is a major difference between L1 and L2 acquisition?
    Age of initiation and exposure context
  • Who introduced Universal Grammar (UG)?
    Noam Chomsky
  • What do behaviourists believe language learning is based on?
    Imitation and habit formation
  • Which theory by Krashen aligns with UG principles?
    The Monitor Theory
  • What does constructivism emphasise?
    Learners constructing their own knowledge
  • What does Universal Grammar relate to?
    The innate language faculty of children
  • What is “positive transfer”?
    Using similarities between L1 and L2
  • What do cognitivists believe learners do?
    Figure out the L2 using cognitive skills
  • What does “learning” refer to?
    A conscious process of studying vocabulary and grammar
  • What neurological process supports the Critical Period idea?
    Brain lateralisation
  • Which teaching approach does Krashen’s theory strongly support?
    Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
  • Which learning theory combined with structural linguistics created the audio-lingual method?
    Behaviourist learning theory
  • What does “acquisition” mean?
    Developing ability in a language naturally through communication
  • What approach in linguistics contributed to the audio-lingual method?
    Structural linguistics
  • Who said cognitive development determines language development?
    Piaget
  • What is linguistics considered to be?
    The study of language as a system of human communication
  • Name Krashen's main theories
    Acquisition-learning, Natural Order, Monitor, Input, Affective folter
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