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Anatomy & Physiology

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  • Which type of tissue holds other tissues together?
    Muscle
    Epithelial
    Connective
    Nervous
  • The trachea is supported by:
    Ligaments
    Smooth Tissue
    C-shaped cartilage rings
    Muscles
  • Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down:
    Fats
    Proteins
    Starches
    Carbs
  • The Haversian system is found in:
    Compact Bone
    Cartilage
    Smooth Muscle
    Spongy Bone
  • Which system transmits information through the body?
    Endocrine
    Muscular
    Circulatory
    Nervous
  • What are villi?
    Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients
    Small muscles in the digestive tract
    Tough connective tissue
    Functional units of the lungs
  • Describe how skeletal muscles work in pairs to move bones.
    Muscles push bones rather than pull.
    Bones move only when muscles expand.
    One muscle contracts while the opposing muscle relaxes.
    Both muscles contract simultaneously to push bones.
  • Explain the difference between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
    Oxygenated blood has no oxygen.
    Deoxygenated blood has more oxygen than oxygenated blood.
    Oxygenated blood carries high levels of oxygen; deoxygenated
    They differ only in temperature.
  • What are capillaries?
    Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins
    Large blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
    Muscles
    Functional units of the lungs
  • Which system produces blood cells
    Skeletal
    Respiratory
    Circulatory
    Muscular
  • Explain the role of the nervous system in maintaining body functions.
    It controls/coordinates body activities by sending signals
    It digests food and absorbs nutrients.
    It stores fats for energy.
    It filters blood and produces urine.
  • What is the role of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
    To pump blood.
    To absorb nutrients.
    Sites of gas exchange between air and blood.
    To produce digestive enzymes.
  • The right ventricle sends blood to the:
    Liver
    Aorta
    Pulmonary Artery
    Left Atrium
  • Which of the following is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton
    Pelvic Limb
    Skull
    Pectoral Limb
    Shoulder
  • What is metabolism?
    All chemical processes in the body that maintain life.
    Only breathing.
    Only the digestion of food.
    Only the movement of muscles.
  • What are amphiarthroses?
    Fixed, immovable joints
    Ball-and-socket joints
    Joints allowing free movement
    Joints allowing limited movement (vertebrae)
  • Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
    Veins
    Arteries
    Venules
    Capillaries
  • In the avian respiratory sysyem, gas exchange occurs in:
    Air Sacs
    Trachea
    Air Capillaries
    Alveoli
  • The urinary system removes:
    Oxygen
    Waste products
    Water
    Horomones
  • Which animal type has no bladder?
    Mammal
    Poultry
    Amphibians
    Ruminants
  • What is an endoskeleton?
    Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients
    Inner framework of bones inside the body
    An outer protective shell
    Tough connective tissue that forms early skeleton
  • What are alveoli?
    Functional units of the lungs for gas exchange
    Tough connective tissue
    Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins
    Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients
  • Why do birds have air sacs?
    To store food.
    To help with digestion.
    To provide airflow and efficient gas exchange for flight
    To cool the bird.
  • The endoskeleton is located
    Inside of the body
    Beneath the skin only
    Around the heart
    On the outside of the body
  • Which joint type allows free movement?
    Synarthroses
    Amphiathroses
    Diathroses
    Cartilaginous
  • The pituitary gland controls:
    Blood filtration
    Food digestion
    Hormone regulation
    Muscle Contraction
  • The heart muscle is classified as:
    Connective
    Skeletal
    Cardiac
    Smooth
  • The hepatic system filters blood through the:
    Kidneys
    Liver
    Spleen
    Lungs
  • The lymphatic system mainly functions to:
    Pump Blood
    Secrete Hormones
    Store Calcium
    Carry lymph/absorb nutrients
  • Villi are important for:
    Digestion
    Excretion
    Absorption
    Filtration
  • The main function of the respiratory system is to:
    Produces RBCs
    Exchange gases
    Remove nitrogen waste
    Transport nutrients
  • The rumen and reticulum make up what percent of the stomach?
    50%
    85%
    100%
    25%
  • The function of muscles includes all EXCEPT:
    Heat Generation
    Hormone Production
    Movement
    Support
  • What is bile?
    A type of blood cell
    Bitter liquid that aids in digestion of fats
    Enzyme that breaks down proteins
    Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients
  • Smooth muscle is:
    Unstriated/Involuntary
    Unstriated/Voluntary
    Striated/Involuntary
    Striated/Voluntary
  • Which organ pumps blood?
    Heart
    Brain
    Liver
    Lungs
  • What is cartilage?
    Specialized cells that form bone tissue
    Tough connective tissue that forms early skeleton
    A digestive enzyme
    Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins
  • The axial skeleton includes all EXCEPT:
    Vertebral Column
    Front Legs
    Rib Cage
    Skull
  • The omasum's primary function is to:
    Grind feed/squeeze water
    Absorb Water
    Store Feed
    Produce Enzymes
  • What is the main function of the digestive system?
    Transmit nerve impulses.
    Pump blood throughout the body.
    Break down food for absorption of nutrients.
    Filter toxins from blood.
  • Ruminants have how many stomach compartments?
    3
    2
    4
    1
  • What is the main difference between endoskeletons and exoskeletons?
    Exoskeletons are made of bone.
    Endoskeletons are internal; exoskeletons are external.
    Endoskeletons are external; exoskeletons are internal.
    Endoskeletons are found only in insects.
  • Blood in the right atrium is:
    Deoxygenated
    Oxygenated
    Fully Oxygenated
    None
  • What is the rumen?
    A part of the respiratory system
    The true stomach in ruminants
    First stomach compartment in ruminants; fermentation chamber
    A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart
  • Name three functions of the skeletal system.
    Support, protection, and movement.
    Heat production, respiration, circulation.
    Digestion, absorption, excretion.
    Hormone secretion, filtration, reproduction.
  • What are osteocytes?
    Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients
    Specialized cells that form bone tissue
    Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins
    Tough connective tissue that forms early skeleton
  • The true stomach in ruminants is called:
    Abomasum
    Rumen
    Reticulum
    Omasum
  • What is cardiac muscle?
    Connective tissue
    Muscle found only in the heart
    Skeletal muscle
    Muscle found in walls of intestines
  • Plasma makes up what percentage of blood volume
    30-40%
    10-20%
    50-60%
    70-80%
  • How does bile assist in digestion?
    By breaking down proteins into amino acids.
    By neutralizing urine.
    By emulsifying/breaking down fats into smaller droplets
    By storing nutrients.
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