When nobles tried to take power from the pharaohs. The fight weakened E, making it easy to conquer. Hyksos invaded from western Asia.
What did Amenhotep IV change his name to and what does it mean
Akhenaton "Spirit of Aton"
Name an important trading partner for Egypt and Queen Hatshepsut and their accomplishments.
The Phoenicians, they lived on the Mediterranean and had their own alphabet and system of writing. They traded goods all over the ancient world.
During the Golden Age, the Pharaoh demanded tribute. Who paid it and why?
The people the pharaoh conquered. Pharaoh used payment to build dams & improve farmlands. Built a canal bet/ Nile River and Red Sea.
What was Ramses II's accomplishments?
regained lost lands for Egypt from the Hittites (Turkey), signed peace treaties with the Hittites, built temples
Name 4 Egyptian achievements during the Middle Kingdom.
Arts & architecture grew more popular; painters covered tombs & temples with colorful scenes, P had tombs cut into cliffs, Sculptors created lg carvings of P
Why was the Middle Kingdom a Golden Age for Egypt? When was it?
It was a time of power, wealth, and achievement for Egypt. 2055 B.C. to 1650 B.C.
What did King Tut do for Egypt?
With help from officials & priests, he restored the old religion. Nine years later he died suddenly.
What made Hatshepsut's rule different from that of Thutmose III?
H - expanded Egypt through trade/ 1st woman to rule Egypt T- expanded Egypt through war/ made Egypt rich with gold & valuables from other kingdoms
What was the most magnificent temple that Ramses II built?
Karnak at Thebes
a person who represents his country in a foreign place
envoy
During the New Kingdom, what did rulers do for the first time in history to work with other nations?
They sent envoys
When the sculptors created large carvings of the pharaohs, how did they depict the pharaoh?
as ordinary people
How did the Hyksos defeat the Egyptians?
The Hyksos army rode in chariots & used weapons made of bronze & iron. The E had copper & stone that couldn't stop invaders.
How did the Egyptian Prince Ahmose take Egypt back from Hyksos control?
During the Hyksos reign, the E learned how to make and use Hyksos weapons. Around 1550 B.C. Ahmose formed army and drove Hyksos out of Egypt.
Who was the most successful leader during the New Kingdom? When did he come to power?
Ramses II, 1279 B.C.
How long did the Hyksos rule Egypt?
100 year
What was unusual or special about Queen Hatshepsut?
She used trade to expand the empire. E traded beads, metal tools, and weapons for gold, ivory, & ebony. Bought incense.
What did most pharaohs focus on during 1550 B.C to 1070 B.C?
Bringing other lands under control. Egypt grew richer and more powerful.
Who was the first woman to rule Egypt by herself?
Queen Hatshepsut
How did ancient Egypt change under Amenhotep IV?
He started a new religion. Ppl could worship only one god, called Aton. He seized lands of priests that protested & closed temples. He ruled from a new city
a material burned for its pleasant smell
incense
After Ramses II, name some groups that took over Egypt during its decline.
Libyans, the people of Kush, and the Assyrians from Mesopotamia
Who took the throne when Akhenaton died?
His 10 year old son-in-law, King Tutankhamen
Ahmose's rule began an era known as
the New Kingdom
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