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CAE - Gold C1 Advanced - Unit 7

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  • (rzemiosło artystyczne) an activity such as sewing or making baskets, in which you use your hands in a skilful way to make things
    handicraft noun ˈhændikrɑːft a shop selling handicrafts
  • (przyznać coś komuś) to give someone something or allow them to have something that they have asked for
    grant verb ɡrɑːnt I would love to be able to grant her wish.
  • (odporność na przeciwności losu) the ability to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event
    resilience noun rɪˈzɪliəns Their courage and resilience inspired us all.
  • (zdumiewający, oszałamiający, szokujący np. koszt) extremely great or surprising
    staggering adj ˈstæɡərɪŋ The cost was a staggering \$10 million.
  • (niekompetentny) not having the ability or skill to do a job properly
    incompetent adj ɪnˈkɒmpətənt, ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt an incompetent manager
  • (energiczny, ochoczy, pełen werwy) fast and exciting
    zippy adj ˈzɪpɪ My car is zippier than the one I had before.
  • (w dół) if something that was successful is going .................., it is starting to fail, and is getting gradually worse
    downhill adv ˌdaʊnˈhɪl Sales had peaked in 2005 at \$3.8 million but had gone steadily downhill.
  • (płaz) an animal such as a frog that can live both on land and in water
    amphibian noun æmˈfɪbiən She was surprised at how many amphibians were surviving in this lake.
  • (klęska, porażka, fiasko) an event or situation that is a complete failure
    debacle noun deɪˈbɑːkəl, dɪ- the debacle of the 1994 elections
  • (przeładowanie, nadmiar) to put too many things or people on or into something
    overload noun ˌəʊvəˈləʊd the modern day information overload
  • (archetypowy, klasyczny) being a perfect example of something, because it has all the most important qualities of things that belong to that type
    archetypal adj ˌɑːkɪˈtaɪpəl◂ Byron was the archetypal Romantic hero.
  • (językoznawca) someone who is good at foreign languages, especially someone who speaks several
    linguist noun ˈlɪŋɡwəst, ˈlɪŋɡwɪst a brilliant linguist at the university
  • (symbolizm) the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities
    symbolism noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm religious symbolism
  • (smak umami) having a strong pleasant taste that is not sweet, sour, salty, or bitter, especially like the tastes found in meat, strong cheeses, tomatoes, etc.
    umami adj uːˈmɑːmi Western scientists are just starting to recognise umami as an official taste.
  • (kremowy) thick and smooth like cream
    creamy adj ˈkriːmɪ A soft cheese has a creamier texture than a hard cheese.
  • (dostrzegać, wykryć) to notice or discover something, especially something that is not easy to see, hear, etc.
    detect verb dɪˈtekt Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
  • (świetlny, olśniewający) shining in the dark
    luminous adj ˈluːmənəs, ˈluːmɪnəs luminous paint
  • (wypytywać, przepytywać) to ask someone a lot of questions
    quiz verb kwɪz Four men have been quizzed about the burglary, but no one has yet been charged.
  • (istny) used to emphasise the amount, size, or degree of something
    sheer adj ʃɪə The sheer size of some files caused problems.
  • (zapach, woń) a pleasant smell that something has
    scent noun sent a yellow rose with a lovely scent
  • (telesprzedaż) a way of selling products to people in which you telephone people to see if they want to buy something
    telemarketing noun ˌteliˈmɑːkətɪŋ, ˌteliˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ telemarketing companies
  • (koniec istnienia, upadek) the end of something that used to exist
    demise noun dɪˈmaɪz the imminent demise of the local newspaper
  • (zdarzający się, pojawiający się) something that happens
    occurring adj əˈkɜːrɪŋ a naturally occuring sound
  • (skomlenie, skowyt) making low crying sounds
    whimpering noun ˈwɪmpərɪŋ He could hear the dog whimper.
  • (symbolizować) if something symbolises a quality, feeling, etc., it represents it
    symbolise verb ˈsɪmbəlaɪz Crime often symbolises a wider social problem.
  • (sprzeczny) competing stories, ideas, etc., cannot all be right or accepted
    competing adj kəmˈpiːtɪŋ Several people gave competing accounts of the accident.
  • (szparag) a long thin green vegetable with a point at one end
    asparagus noun əˈspærəɡəs The crop of aspagarus was better than ever this year.
  • (empatia) the ability to understand other people’s feelings and problems
    empathy noun ˈempəθi She had great empathy with people.
  • (bazar na bliskim wschodzie) a market or area where there are a lot of small shops, especially in India or the Middle East
    bazaar noun bəˈzɑː I bought a lovely leather bag at the bazaar in Delhi.
  • (z góry założony, hipotetyczny, domniemany) when something is thought to be true, although you do not have definite proof
    assumed adj əˈsjuːmd I didn't see your car, so I assumed you'd gone out.
  • (promyk, iskra) a small sign of something such as hope or understanding
    glimmer noun ˈɡlɪmə a glimmer of hope for the future
  • (zbankrutowany) without enough money to pay what you owe
    bankrupt adj ˈbæŋkrʌpt The firm went bankrupt before the building work was completed.
  • (powolne, ostrożne ruchy, skradanie się) when you do something very quietly, slowly, or secretly, so that no one notices you
    stealth noun stelθ Cats rely on stealth to catch their prey.
  • (łatwowierny) too ready to believe what other people tell you, so that you are easily tricked
    gullible adj ˈɡʌləbəl, ˈɡʌlɪbəl Plastic replicas of the Greek pottery are sold to gullible tourists.
  • (serce i dusza) the whole of one's energy and passion
    heart and soul noun hɑːt ənd səʊl She put her heart and soul into her dance classes.
  • (stroszyć pióra, wkurzać kogoś) if someone’s ............ rise, they begin to feel very angry, because someone’s behaviour or attitude offends them
    hackles noun ˈhækəlz Laura heard his remark, and felt her hackles rising.
  • (wzburzony, zdenerwowany) so nervous or upset that you are unable to keep still or think calmly
    agitated adj ˈædʒəteɪtəd, ˈædʒɪteɪtəd Amanda was getting visibly agitated.
  • (wirtualnie) being made, done, seen, etc., on the Internet or on a computer, rather than in the real world
    virtually adv ˈvɜːtʃuəli The website allows you to take a tour of the art gallery virtually.
  • (kwaśny) having a sharp acid taste, like the taste of a lemon or a fruit that is not ready to be eaten
    sour adj saʊə Rachel sampled the wine. It was sour.
  • (fatalnie, okropnie) in a way that is so bad it makes you feel very unhappy and hopeless
    dismally adv ˈdɪzməli The first half was disappointing with both teams performing dismally.
  • (nałożenie, wprowadzenie) the introduction of something such as a rule, punishment, tax, etc.
    imposition noun ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən the imposition of martial law
  • (skrzenie się, migotanie) brightness consisting of many flashing points of light
    glitter noun ˈɡlɪtə the glitter of her gold necklace
  • (jęczenie, biadolenie, marudzenie, narzekanie) making a long high sound because something or someone is in pain or unhappy
    whining adj ˈwaɪnɪŋ He could hear the dog whining behind the door.
  • (uzasadniony) having an acceptable explanation or reason
    justified adj ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd, ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪd In the Chief Constable’s view, the use of force was fully justified.
  • (zlecać) to formally ask someone to write an official report, produce a work of art for you, etc.
    commission verb kəˈmɪʃən The report was commissioned by the Welsh Office.
  • (poza, ułożenie ciała) the position in which someone stands or sits, especially in a painting, photograph, etc.
    pose noun pəʊz a painting of the Duchess in a dramatic pose
  • (histeryczny) unable to control your behaviour or emotions because you are very upset, afraid, excited, etc.
    hysterical adj hɪˈsterɪkəl Janet became hysterical and began screaming.
  • (niepokój, obawa, troska) a feeling of worry about something important
    concern noun kən ˈsɜːn the concerns expressed by parents
  • (prezent reklamowy) something that is given away free, especially something that a shop gives you when you buy a product
    giveaway noun ˈɡɪvəweɪ Comic books were first published in the US in 1933, for use as advertising giveaways.
  • (kusić, nęcić, wabić) to persuade someone to do something or go somewhere, usually by offering them something that they want
    entice verb ɪnˈtaɪs The birds were enticed back into Britain 40 years ago.
  • (przytomność, świadomość) when you know that something exists or is true
    consciousness noun ˈkɒnʃəsnəs, ˈkɒnʃəsnɪs This will increase public consciousness of the pollution issue.
  • (pokorny, skromny) not considering yourself or things to be as important as other people’s
    humble adj ˈhʌmbəl a modest and humble man
  • (waleczność, odwaga) the strong and interesting nature of something
    gutsiness noun ˈgʌtsɪnɪs You have to admire her sheer gutsiness for entering the competition.
  • (kasba, islamska forteca) the area surrounging a North African citadel
    kasbah noun ˈkæz bɑː He took me to a flat in the kasbah.
  • (billboard) a large board fixed high on a wall outside on which large advertisements are shown
    hoarding noun ˈhɔːdɪŋ advertising hoardings
  • (różnorodny, rozmaity, zróżnicowany) very different from each other
    diverse adj daɪˈvɜːs subjects as diverse as pop music and archaeology
  • (żonglować) to try to fit two or more jobs, activities, etc., into your life, especially with difficulty
    juggle verb ˈdʒʌɡəl It’s hard trying to juggle a job with kids and the housework.
  • (wzrastający) gradually increasing – often used about things that cause problems or trouble
    mounting adj ˈmaʊntɪŋ There was mounting pressure on him to resign.
  • (przerabiać) to change something into a different form, or to change something so that it can be used for a different purpose or in a different way
    convert verb kənˈvɜːt They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
  • (traktowany protekcjonalnie) when you are talked to by someone in a way which seems friendly but shows that they think you are not as intelligent as them
    patronised adj ˈpætrənaɪzd It's nice to work in a job where I don't feel I'm being patronised.
  • (tendencja spadkowa, schyłek) a period or process in which business activity, production, etc., is reduced and conditions become worse
    downturn noun ˈdaʊntɜːn America’s current economic downturn
  • (wrodzony, nieodłączny, wewnętrzny) being part of the nature or character of someone or something
    intrinsic adj ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk, -zɪk the intrinsic interest of the subject
  • (uszkadzać, upośledzać) to damage something or make it not as good as it should be
    impair verb ɪmˈpeə The illness had impaired his ability to think and concentrate.
  • (cynamon) a sweet-smelling brown substance used for giving a special taste to cakes and other sweet foods
    cinnamon noun ˈsɪnəmən a cinnamon roll
  • (lawenda) a plant that has grey-green leaves and purple flowers with a strong pleasant smell
    lavender noun ˈlævəndə, ˈlævɪndə a lavender bush
  • (prześwitujący, ale nie przezroczysty) not transparent, but clear enough to allow light to pass through
    translucent adj trænzˈluːsənt Blue veins showed through her translucent skin.
  • (spleśniały) covered with mould (a soft green, grey, or black substance that grows on food which has been kept too long)
    mouldy adj ˈməʊldi mouldy cheese
  • (akcentować, podkreślać) to make something more noticeable
    accentuate verb əkˈsentʃueɪt The photograph seemed to accentuate his large nose.
  • (z całego serca, gorąco) involving all your feelings, interests, etc.
    wholeheartedly adv ˌhəʊl ˈhɑːtɪdli I agree whole-heartedly with the mayor on this issue.
  • (dobre relacje, stosunki z kimś) friendly agreement and understanding between people
    rapport noun ræˈpɔː He had an excellent rapport with his patients.
  • (awangarda) .............. music, literature, etc., is extremely modern and often seems strange or slightly shocking
    avant-garde adj ˌævɒŋ ˈɡɑːd an avant-garde play
  • (korzyść) an advantage or profit that you get as a result of doing something
    payoff noun ˈpeɪɒf With electric cars there is a big environmental payoff.
  • (uległość, pokora) a willingness to obey someone and never disagree with them, even if they are unkind to you
    submissiveness noun səb ˈmɪs ɪvnəs Submissiveness is sometimes seen as a sign of weakness.
  • (częściowy) not complete
    partial adj ˈpɑːʃəl The exhibition was only a partial success.
  • (przypadkowo) happening completely by chance without being planned
    coincidentally adv kəʊˌɪnsəˈdentli, kəʊˌɪnsɪˈdentli Her mum coincidentally happens to be my teacher at school.
  • (nieznośny - smak, zapach) very strong
    overpowering adj ˌəʊvəˈpaʊərɪŋ an overpowering smell of rotten flesh
  • something that has the quality of a shark: someone who cheats other people out of money
    shark-like adj ʃɑːk laɪk a shark-like determination
  • (manipulować, sterować) to make someone think and behave exactly as you want them to, by skilfully deceiving or influencing them
    manipulate verb məˈnɪpjəleɪt, məˈnɪpjʊleɪt He was one of those men who manipulated people.
  • (niewykrywalny) when something isn't noticeable or discovered, espcially something that is not easy to see, hear, etc.
    undetectable adj ˌʌn di ˈtektəbl  The smoke from the fire was undetectable at first.
  • (rejestracja, zgłoszenie, wpis) the act of recording names and details on an official list
    registration noun ˌredʒəˈstreɪʃən, ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃən the registration of motor vehicles
  • (stawiać czoło, uporać się) to try to deal with a difficult problem
    tackle verb ˈtækəl There is more than one way to tackle the problem.
  • (mnogość, wielość) a very large number of people or things
    multitude noun ˈmʌltətjuːd, ˈmʌltɪtjuːd I had never seen such a multitude of stars before.
  • (runąć, spadać, obniżać się) to suddenly and quickly decrease in value or amount
    plummet verb ˈplʌmət, ˈplʌmɪt Profits plummeted from £49 million to £11 million.
  • (poświata, blask) a soft steady light
    glow noun ɡləʊ the glow from the dying fire
  • (trzymać się od czegoś z daleka) to avoid someone or something unpleasant or difficult
    steer clear of phrasal verb stɪə klɪə əv Jo tried to steer clear of political issues.
  • (okryty złą słąwą) famous or well known for something bad
    notorious adj nəʊˈtɔːriəs, nə- a notorious computer hacker