attribute verb 歸因於/將（某種特質）歸屬於（某人）;認為（某人）有（某種特性） attribute noun 屬性、特徵a quality or characteristic that someone or something has 特性；特質；屬性
attribute sth to --She attributes her symptoms to a tick bite that gave her Lyme disease six years ago. To what do you attribute this delay? 你認為造成這次延誤的原因是甚麼？
apparatus noun 儀器、設備；
a set of equipment or tools or a machine that is used for a particular purpose 設備;儀器;裝置;用具 a piece of apparatus 一台儀器 The divers checked their breathing apparatu
advice 建議、忠告 advisable 明智的、可取的 advise 建議、忠告、正式告知 adviser 顧問、忠告者 advisory 顧問的、諮詢的
acoustic adj. 聲音的、聽覺的、(樂器)原聲的 acoustic noun (建築物、房間的)傳音效果、音響效果
analysis noun 分析 analyst noun 分析者、化驗員 analytical adj. 分析的 analyze verb 分析
to cause something to stop or fail before it begins or before it is complete中止/to have a miscarriage (= an early, unintentional end to a pregnancy) 流產，小產（miscarry 的另一種說法）
abort--The mission had to be aborted at the last minute. /The bacterial infection can cause animals to abort.
asylum--protection or safety, especially that given by a government to people who have been forced to leave their own countries for their safety or because of war （尤指政治）避難，庇護 to seek/apply for political asylum 尋求／申請政治庇護
refuge-(a place that gives) protection or shelter from danger, trouble, unhappiness, etc. 避難（所）;庇護（所）The climbers slept in a mountain refuge. 這些登山者在山上一個可以避風擋雨的地
advocate noun 提倡者、擁護者 aerial adj./noun 從飛機上的、空中的 aerial noun 天線
ambiguity noun 歧義、模稜兩可--There are some ambiguities in the legislation. 該法規中有一些含糊不清的地方。// ambiguous adj. 模稜兩可的、含混不清的/// ambition 野心 ambitious有野心的、雄心勃勃的
having or expressing more than one possible meaning, sometimes intentionally 含糊不清的，模棱兩可的;不明確的 His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous. 他對我的提問回答得有些
amend verb 修訂、修正(法律文件等) amendment-修正案、修訂--a change or changes made to the words of a text 修改，修訂，修正 He insisted that the book did not need amendment. 他堅持認為這本書無需修改。 I've made a few last-minute amendments to the article. 我對文章做了一些最後的修改。
make amends--to do something good to show that you are sorry about something you have done 賠禮道歉/作出補償 She tried to make amends by inviting h
anonymous adj. 匿名的、不具名的
adjust 調整；適應；整理(衣著) adjustment 調整、適應
加速
accelerate
acknowledge verb 承認、告知、致意、感謝
associate verb 聯想、聯繫 associate同事、合夥人business associate Mr. Shelton had a meeting that afternoon with a business associate. association 協會、社團、聯盟；關聯、聯想
Most people associate this brand with good quality. 大多數人把這個品牌和優良品質聯繫在一起。business associate Mr. Shelton had a meeting that afternoon with a business associate.
something formed by adding together several amounts or things 聚集體，集成體;總數，合計
aggregate--They purchased an aggregate of 3,000 shares in the company. 他們總共買了這家公司的3000股股票。
to say that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof （未經證實地）指責，宣稱，指控
allege--The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions聲稱逼他們作假口供*alleged--It was alleged that Johnson had struck Mr Rahim on the head
amiable
adj. 和藹可親的pleasant and friendly 和藹可親的，親切的;令人愉悅的;友好的 He seemed an amiable young man. 他看上去是個很友好的小夥子。
await verb 等待The long/eagerly awaited sequel is now available online. 大家期待已久的續集已經在網路上了。
He's anxiously awaiting his test results. 他正焦急地等待著他的測試結果。A marvellous reception awaited me on my first day at work. 上班第一天，迎接我的是盛大的歡迎會。 The long/eagerly awaited
appliance 家電、器具 applicable adj. 適用的 applicant noun 申請人 application noun 申請、申請書；用途、應用；應用軟體 apply verb 申請、請求；應用；適用；塗、敷
adjacent 毗連的、鄰近的
appraise/appraisal 評價、評估the act of examining someone or something in order to judge their qualities, success, or needs 評定；鑒定；估價；評價 The newspaper gave an editorial appraisal of the government's achievements of the past year. 對政府在過去一年的功績作出評價。
=assessment/At the end of each teaching practice, trainee teachers are asked to appraise their own performance.
aesthetic adj. 美感的、審美的 aesthetics noun 美學、美感
admirable 可欽佩的、值得讚賞的 admiral 海軍上將、艦隊司令 admiration 欽佩、仰慕、讚賞 admire 欽佩、欣賞
to stick firmly 黏附;附著
adhere---A smooth, dry surface helps the tiles adhere to the wall. 平滑、乾燥的牆面有助於瓷磚黏在牆上。
If something ____in/with other things, it has a lot of them. 有充足的…；富產…
abound-abundant/abundance//The coast here abounds with rare plants. 生長著大量an abundant supply of food 充足的食品供應 There is abundant evidence that
稱譽、(給予)高度評價
acclaim
money that you are given regularly, especially to pay for a particular thing 補貼，津貼, 零用錢
allowance = pocket money//an allowance from my parents.// allow verb 准許
astray adv./adj.迷路地、誤入歧途地；迷路的、誤入歧途的I was led astray by an out-of-date map. 我因一張舊地圖而迷路。 Her parents worried that she might be led astray (= encouraged to behave badly) by her unsuitable friends. 她父母擔心她會因為交友不當而走上歪路。
a list of matters to be discussed at a meeting 議事日程;（會議的）議程
agenda---There were several important items on the agenda. 會議議程中有幾項重要的議題。 The question of security is high on the agenda for this afternoon's meeting
to give something to someone as their share of a total amount, to use in a particular way 分配;分派;撥給，劃撥
allocate-- The government is allocating £10 million for health education. 撥出1000萬英鎊作為。/As project leader, you will have to allocate people jobs/allocate jobs to
amateur
adj./noun 業餘的、業餘愛好的；業餘愛好者、業餘運動員
coming from a different country, race, or group 外國的;異域的;異族的//someone who lives in a country of which they are not a legal citizen （通常指不是所在國公民的）外國人，外僑，僑民
alien-an alien culture 異域文化/When war broke out, the government rounded up thousands of aliens and put them in temporary camps. 政府把數以千計的外國人集中在一起，關在臨時拘留營中。
依照、依據 accordingly adv. 相應地、因此
to make someone feel that they are different and not part of a group 使格格不入；使疏遠
alienate--Disagreements can alienate teenagers from their families. 家庭爭吵會使青少年跟家人產生感情裂痕。alienated-feeling that you have no connection with the people around you
activate 使活動、活化 active 活躍的、積極的 activist 活躍份子 activity 活動
alternative
adj. 可替代的、可供選擇的；非傳統的、另類的
accusation noun 控告、指控 accuse verb 指控
amnesty --a decision by a government that allows political prisoners to go free （對政治犯的）赦免，大赦
赦免、赦免期
accord verb 贈予、授予、(與...)一致 accord noun 協議、條約 accordance noun
acre 英畝
領養、接受、採納
adopt adoption
accumulate verb 累積、逐漸增加 accumulation noun 累積
a narrow road or path between buildings 小街；小巷，胡同
alley -- She walked quickly down the alley.
arbitrary adj. 武斷的、專制的//based on chance rather than being planned or based on reason 任意的；隨機的；隨心所欲的 arbitrary decision-making 隨意決策
using unlimited personal power without considering other people's rights or wishes 專斷的;武斷的;霸道的 an arbitrary ruler 專制的統治者
附屬機構、分公司
affiliate--an organization that is connected with or controlled by another, usually larger, organization 隸屬機構，分支機構/使隸屬於、加入The school is affiliated with a nation
to state something as true 證實;確認;斷言//
affirm--The suspect affirmed (that) he had been at home all evening. 嫌疑犯聲稱他整個晚上都呆在家中The reports are an affirmation that the students are learning. 這些報告說明學生確實在學習
animate adj./verb 有生命的、有活力的--animate beings 生物；使有生命、使有活力
to make someone seem more happy or active 使生氣勃勃；使有活力 A sparkle in his eyes animated his face whenever he smiled. 他一笑起來，眼睛就亮晶晶的，一時臉上也增添了生氣。
adequate 足夠的、合格的
avail verb/noun (對人或物)有幫助；幫助、效益 available adj. 有空的、可獲得的
We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail 我們力勸她不要辭職，可是沒有用。 My attempts to improve the situation were of little/no avail. 徒勞無功。
appendix noun (書或文件的)附錄；闌尾
anticipate verb 預料、預見、期盼 anticipation noun 預料、預見、期盼
to imagine or expect that something will happen 預期，期望;預料 We don't anticipate any trouble. 我們不希望出現任何問題。
不利的、負面的、有害的
adverse
spoken or physical behaviour that is threatening or involves harm to someone or something 侵略;侵犯;攻擊;挑釁
aggression--Some types of dog are bred for aggression. 某些品種的狗是養來起攻擊作用的。 an act of aggression 攻擊行為 aggressive adj. 好鬥的、挑臖的；積極進取的
accommodate verb 容納
aptitude noun 天資、資質a natural ability or skill 天資，資質;才能 My son has no/little aptitude for sport. 我兒子天生就沒有體育細胞／沒甚麼體育天賦。
apt--We have some particularly apt students in the class this year. 這學年班裡有幾個特別聰明的學生。
acquire 獲得、購得 acquisition 獲得、獲得物
accountable adj. 應負責任的 accountant noun 會計師 accounting noun 會計
assimilate
verb 消化吸收、理解、融入
appliance---an electrical one that is used in the house, such as a cooker or washing machine 裝置，器械;（尤指）家用電器 electric/domestic/household appliances 電器／家用電器／家電
axis noun 軸、軸線
a statement, made without giving proof, that someone has done something wrong or illegal （未經證實的）指責，指控
allegations--Several of her patients have made allegations of professional misconduct about/against her. 指責她失職//Allegations that Mr Dwight was receiving money f
accessible
a group of countries, political parties, or people who have agreed to work together because of shared interests or aims 結盟國家（或團體），同盟國家（或團體）
alliance-- a military alliance 軍事同盟 ***allied結盟的、聯盟的connected by a political or military agreement 結盟的，聯盟的，同盟的 an allied offensive 聯合攻勢 allied bombers/forces 盟軍
avert verb 防止、避開to prevent something bad from happening 防止，避免 to avert a crisis/conflict/strike/famine 避免危機／衝突／罷工／饑荒
to turn away your eyes or thoughts 轉移（目光、想法等）;把…轉（向別處） I averted my gaze/eyes while he dressed. 他穿衣服的時候，我把目光轉向一邊。
adhere 附著、遵循
acute 嚴重的、(病痛)急性的、靈敏的
address 地址、網址、位址；演講、演說 address 對...講話、發表演說；處理、應對
If you can't ________ someone or something, you dislike them very much//2to accept or obey an agreement, decision, or rule 遵守，遵循（協議、決定或規章）_____by
abide I can't abide her. 我真受不了她。2. Competitors must abide by the judge's decision. 參賽者必須服從裁判的裁決。
1.to take something in, especially gradually （尤指逐漸）吸收 //2.be absorbed in something ---be very interested in something and not paying attention to anything else 被…吸引住；專心致志於；全神貫注於
absorb--Plants absorb carbon dioxide. 植物吸收二氧化 shoes with extra cushioning to absorb the shock//2.She was absorbed in reading the book and forgot to make dinner.
auxiliary noun/adj.
輔助人員；輔助的 auxiliary staff/nurses 輔助人員／助理護士
accustom verb 使習慣於 accustomed adj. 習慣於
the period that follows an unpleasant event or accident, and the effects that it causes （不愉快事件）結束後的一個時期；（不愉快事件的）後果
aftermath--- Many more people died in the aftermath of the explosion. 更多的人死於爆炸後的一段時間裡。
adapt (使)適應、改編 adaptation 改編、適應
extreme physical or mental pain or suffering （肉體或精神的）極度痛苦
agony--She lay there screaming in agony. 她躺在那裡痛苦地大聲尖叫similar to'' anguish''
attempt noun/verb 嘗試、企圖 attempted adj. (犯罪)未遂的
ace adj. 第一流的、極好的 ace verb 表現得很好
aboriginal
showing anger and a willingness to attack other people 好鬥的;富於攻擊性的;挑釁的
aggressive--Aggressive behaviour will not be tolerated in the classroom.
adjoin 毗連、鄰接
to make someone feel worried or angry 使焦慮；使躁動不安
agitate-- I didn't want to agitate her by telling her. 我不想告訴她，免得她焦慮。There was a long delay, and people became increasingly agitated as they waited for the train
ammunition noun
彈藥
the passage through the mouth and throat that carries air to the lungs （肺的）氣道//2. a route flown by aircraft 飛行航線
airway(肺的)氣道It was claimed the fighter jet's interception took place inside an international airway. 據稱，這架戰鬥機是在國際航線內受到攔截的。
similar to each other 相似的，類似的；相像的 look alike The children all look very alike. 孩子長得都很像。
alike 相似地、同樣地；相似的
completely closed so that no air can get in or out 密封的，氣密的，不透氣的
airtight--Biscuits will stay crisp if you keep them in an airtight container. 如果裝在密封容器裡，餅乾就會保持酥脆
apartheid noun
(南非)種族隔離
atrocity noun
凶惡、殘暴行為
出現、到來
advent
autonomous adj. 自治的、自主的 an autonomous vehicle//autonomy noun 自治(權)、自主(權)
Demonstrators demanded immediate autonomy for their region. 遊行示威者要求立即實現該地區的自治。
**the fact of an event happening, an invention being made, or a person arriving （事件、發明或人物的）出現，來臨，到來
advent--- Life was transformed by the advent of the steam engine. 蒸汽機的出現使人類生活發生了翻天覆地的變化。
apprehension noun
憂慮、恐懼 It's normal to feel a little apprehension before starting a new job. 在開始新工作前感到有些忐忑不安是很正常的。
stupid and unreasonable,愚蠢的 可笑的 荒唐的
absurd---an absurd amount of homework荒唐的作業量Blake looked absurd in those tight leather trousers, but I tried not to laugh.
If a problem or illness aff____ a person or thing, they suffer from it. 使痛苦;使苦惱;折磨
afflict--It is an illness that afflicts women more than men. 患這種疾病的女性多於男性。 a country afflicted by civil war 飽受內戰蹂躪的國家 verb 折磨、使痛苦
assume verb 假定為、假設 assumption noun 假設
very near, next to, or touching 鄰近的;毗連的
adjacent--They work in adjacent buildings. 他們在相鄰的兩座樓裡工作。 They lived in a house adjacent to the railway. 他們家住在鐵路旁邊。 同義詞 neighbouring UK
attorney --a lawyer 律師
律師
adverse adversity(noun)a difficult or unlucky situation or event 逆境；不幸；厄運 She was always cheerful in adversity. 身處逆境時，她也從不垂頭喪氣。
不利的、負面的、有害的having a negative or harmful effect on something/They received a lot of adverse publicity about the changes. adverse effect So far
applaud verb 鼓掌、稱讚We applaud the family's decision to remain silent over the issue. 我們非常讚賞這一家人對此事保持沉默的決定。// applause鼓掌、喝采
She was applauded for a full five minutes after her speech. 她演講結束後，掌聲持續
appall =horrify 使驚駭、使大為震驚 appalling adj. 令人震驚的、糟糕的
to make someone have strong feelings of shock or of disapproval 使驚駭;使震驚 I was appalled at/by the lack of staff in the hospital. 醫院裡人手之少令我震驚。
ambassador
noun 大使
to make a bad situation worse 使（局勢等）更嚴重，加劇 惡化
aggravate--Conditions like high blood pressure can be aggravated by stress. 壓力會使高血壓惡化Running on hard surfaces can cause or aggravate lower back problems.
ample adj. 足夠的、豐富的 amplify verb 擴大、增強to make something louder 擴大，放大（聲音） amplified music/guitar 經過放大的音樂／帶有擴音設備的電吉他
more than enough 足夠的，充足的，充裕的 You'll have ample opportunity to ask questions after the talk. 演講結束後你們會有足夠的時間提問。 There's ample evidence tha
affection喜愛、鍾愛 affectionate adj. 表示關愛的、充滿深情的
affect verb 影響、(疾病)感染
pleasant or pleasing 令人愉悅的，愜意的，宜人的
agreeable--We spent a most agreeable evening by the river. 我們在河邊度過了一個極為愉快的夜晚。
altitude noun
海拔高度
attend verb 出席、參加 attendance參加、出席、出席人數 attendant-服務員、侍者
the number of people who go to an event, meeting, etc. 出席（活動、會議等）的人數 Attendances at church are falling. 去教堂做禮拜的人越來越少了。
attain---to reach or succeed in getting something 實現；獲得；贏得 He has attained the highest grade in his music exams. 他在音樂考試中得了最高分。
Synonyms---accomplish/achieve/fulfil //attainment//accomplishmentachievement
adjoin verb
to be very near, next to, or touching 緊挨；鄰接 The stables adjoin the west wing of the house. 馬廐緊挨著房子的西廂。 It's at this point that these three neighbourhoods 這兒正是這三
apprentice noun/verb
學徒；使當學徒
adhere to something
to continue to obey a rule or have a belief 堅持；遵守；忠於 She adhered to her principles throughout her life. 她終生對自己的原則忠貞不渝。
apparent adj. 顯然的
administer 管理、執行；給予、施行 administration 管理(部門)、行政(部門)；施行、施用 administrative 管理的、行政的 administrator 管理人員、行政人員
analogy noun 類比、比喻 a comparison between things that have similar features, often used to help explain a principle or idea 類似；類比；比擬；類推 He drew an analogy between the brain and a vast computer. 他把大腦比作一台龐大的電腦。
It is sometimes easier to illustrate an abstract concept by analogy with (= by comparing it with) something concrete. 有時用具體事物作比擬來闡釋抽象概念會更容易些。
adore 熱愛、愛慕
acquaint verb 使熟悉、使了解 acquaintance noun 認識的人、交情、(對事物的)了解
accessory
ape verb 模仿、學...的樣子
to copy something or someone badly and unsuccessfully （拙劣地）模仿 He called the new building unoriginal and said that it merely aped the classical traditions. 他稱這座新
abolish
authoritative adj. 具權威的、專斷的 authority noun 權力、職權；官方、當權者 authorize verb 批准、授權
I authorized my bank to pay her £3,000. 我授權我的開戶銀行支付她3000英鎊。
additive (尤指食品的)添加物 additive 附加的
to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe 減輕；緩和，緩解
alleviate--The drugs did nothing to alleviate her pain/suffering. 這些藥物對減輕她的病痛／痛苦沒有絲毫作用the alleviation of poverty 緩解貧困（狀況）
quick to see, understand, and act in a particular situation 機警的，機敏的，敏捷的 a warning to people to be prepared to deal with something dangerous 警報
alert--I'm not feeling very alert today - not enough sleep last night! //a bomb alert 炸彈警報
auction拍賣a usually public sale of goods or property, where people make higher and higher bids (= offers of money) for each thing, until the thing is sold to the person who will pay most 拍賣
They're holding an auction of jewellery on Thursday. 他們將在週四舉行一場珠寶拍賣會。