Changing from gas to solid
Deposition
Characteristics of shape and volume of gases
Gas has particles spread far apart. They don't have fixed shape or volume.
Example of elements that do not form many compounds
Gold and helium
How particles move in a liquid?
Particles are still in contact, but move around each other and change position.
Example of elements that can be found in many compounds
Carbon, like methane (made up carbon and hydrogen)
Changing from solid to a gas
Sublimation
What is matter? Give 3 real life examples: one solid, one liquid, one gas.
Everything that takes up space, has mass and volume.
Characteristics of shape and volume of liquids
Liquids have fixed volume but its shape can change. The particles move around each other and change places.
Energy of motion
Kinetic energy
How is kinetic energy related to temperature?
High temperature means more movement of particles, and low temperature means less movement of particles. This may cause a change of state of matter.
Examples of sublimation
Dry ice - solid air fresheners
What happens to the particles in a solid when it melts into a liquid?
The bonds holding the ice particles together begin to break. The solid ice starts melting into liquid water.
Examples of deposition in nature
Frost, snowflakes and cirrus clouds
How particles move in a solid?
Particles vibrate, but do not change places.
How pressure affects the movement of particles in gases and liquids?
High pressure moves the particles close together, they move slower. Low pressure allows the particles to move far apart, they move faster.
States of matter
changes
Characteristics of shape and volume of solids
Solids have fixed volume and shape. Particles vibrate and move slowly, they are connected by chemical bonds.
How particles move in a gas?
Particles are spaced far apart and move quickly.
Changing liquid to a gas. Example in nature.
Evaporation. When sun evaporates rain.
Why does water expand when it freezes, and why is that unusual?
Because the way water molecules arrange themselves into a crystal results in more space between molecules than liquid water. Ice is less dense than liquid water
Changing from a gas to a liquid
Condensation
Freezing/melting point of water in Celsius
0° C