Too much rain in an area
flood 洪水
When natural erosion or human mining makes the ground too weak to support the structures built on it, the ground can collapse
Sinkhole 灰岩坑，天坑
Massive storms that come from oceans
Typhoon, Cyclone or Hurricane 飓风
A storm with strong winds that lift and blow sand through the air, usually in desert areas. 强风将沙子卷入空中并吹送的风暴，通常发生在沙漠地区。
Sand storm
A storm where strong winds lift fine dust and soil into the air, reducing visibility. 强风将细小尘土吹起，造成能见度降低的风暴。
Dust storm
The same as a landslide but in snow
avalanche /ˈæv.əl.æntʃ/ 雪崩
A burst of energy and particles from the sun that can affect satellites and power grids on Earth. 太阳释放出的高能粒子和辐射，会影响地球上的卫星和电网系统。
Solar storm
A period of unusually and excessively hot weather
Heat wave 热浪
Often started by lightning or drought
(Wild) Fire 山火
A big wave caused by an earthquake under the sea
Tsunami 海啸
A period of no or very little rain.
Drought 干旱
The shaking of the earth
earthquake 地震
When lava explodes out of the earth.
volcanic eruption 火山喷发
A widespread scarcity of food. (no food available)
famine 饥荒
Strong, rotating wind that destroys everything in its path. 强烈旋转的风，所经之处摧毁一切
tornado 龙卷风
When soil on a mountain slope breaks off 山坡上的土壤崩落
landslide 山体滑坡
When a gas, usually CO2, suddenly erupts from deep lake water, posing the threat of suffocating wildlife, livestock and humans 是由于二氧化碳（CO2）突然从湖底喷发，造成野生动物、牲口及人类窒息而死。
Limnic eruptions /ˈlɪmnɪk/ 湖底喷发
An outbreak of a contractible disease that spreads through a human population 一种传染性疾病在人群中爆发并传播
Epidemic or pandemic (疫情)爆发