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Unit 2B: Cell Division & Reproduction

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  • threadlike mass of DNA
    chromatin
  • has 2 divisions, resulting in 4 daughter cells
    meiosis
  • Cells produced in females that do not participate in reproduction
    polar bodies
  • division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
    cytokinesis
  • part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
    mitosis
  • coiled DNA
    chromosomes
  • chromosomes replicate during which phase of interphase
    S or Synthesis
  • the daughter cells formed in mitosis and __ the parent cell
    identical to
  • female gamete
    egg
  • Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis II.
    sister chromatids
  • A nuclear membrane forms around each cluster of chromosomes
    telophase
  • In a plant cell, midline of dividing cells. Becomes the cell wall eventually.
    cell plate
  • stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions
    G1
  • crossing over occurs during
    prophase 1
  • the chromosomes that contain the genes for hair color, etc (not sex) are
    autosomes
  • the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
    centromere
  • only sex cells divide by
    meiosis
  • homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell
    anaphase 1
  • only body cells divide by this
    mitosis
  • the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.
    crossing over
  • structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis
    tetrad
  • the 4 cells created in meiosis are __ the original cell
    different, unique
  • The cells that are produced as a result of mitosis. These cells are identical to each other, and also to the original parent cell.
    daughter cells
  • male gamete
    sperm
  • uncontrolled cell growth and division
    cancer
  • another name for a germ cell
    gamete
  • Paired homologous chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
    metaphase 1
  • series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
    cell cycle
  • formation of sperm
    spermatogenesis
  • containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
    diploid
  • An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
    haploid
  • formation of eggs
    oogenesis
  • fertilized egg
    zygote
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