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  • *What factor affects whether a population size changes?*
    Natural disasters
    Population growth rate
    Economic conditions
    Migration patterns of other species
  • *Which species example was given for low population density?*
    Lions
    Ducks in a pond
    Algae
    Elephants
  • Which factor directly affects population distribution patterns?*
    Resource availability
    Climate change
    Genetic variation
    Species diversity
  • *What data is crucial for understanding population age structure?*
    Age, sex ratio
    Birthrate and death rate
    Population density
    Geographic range
  • Why might a high density of lionfish be problematic?*
    They consume large numbers of native fish
    They help native species thrive
    They reduce water quality
    They support other invasive species
  • *Which distribution pattern is shown by trees in a forest?*
    Random
    Even
    Clumped
    Uniform
  • When were southern sea otters protected by an international treaty?*
    1911
    1931
    1921
    . 1901
  • What does population density measure?*
    Number of species in an area
    Number of individuals born
    Number of predators in an area
    Number of individuals per unit area
  • *What describes a population that has both high birth and death rates?*
    Fluctuating population
    Decreasing population
    Stable population
    Increasing population
  • *Which concept refers to the number of individuals entering a population?*
    Emigration
    Birthrate
    Immigration
    Death rate
  • How do lionfish populations differ in native vs. invaded habitats?*
    Rapid growth in invaded, stable in native
    Stable in both
    Rapid growth in native, stable in invaded
    Declining in both
  • *What role do sea otters play in kelp forests?
    They maintain kelp population
    They eat the kelp
    They feed on predators of kelp*
    They have no role
  • *Which growth rate is associated with stable population size?*
    Positive
    Negative
    Exponential
    Zero
  • *What does the term 'geographic range' refer to?*
    Growth rate of a population
    Density of a population
    places a population lives*
    Age structure of a population
  • *What was a primary cause of the near extinction of southern sea otters?*
    Fur hunters*
    Climate change
    Oil spills
    Habitat loss
  • *Why are southern sea otters still endangered?*
    Overfishing
    Disease
    Climate change
    Limited range*
  • *What factor helps ecologists understand population biology?*
    Geographic range*
    Diet of the species
    Genetic variation
    Climate change
  • Why do animals sometimes show clumped distribution?*
    For predator avoidance
    To compete for resources
    To confuse prey
    Randomly
  • *What does population growth rate depend on?*
    Birthrate, death rate, immigration, emigration*
    Geographic range
    Population density
    Climate and habitat
  • *Where were lionfish unexpectedly sighted?*
    North Carolina*
    California
    Pacific Ocean
    . Alaska
  • *Which pattern describes evenly spaced individuals?
    Uniform
    Irregular
    Clumped
    Random
  • *What describes the spacing pattern of king penguins?*
    Uniform
    Clumped
    Random
    Irregular
  • *Where are lionfish populations spreading rapidly?
    Arctic Ocean
    Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico*
    Indian Ocean
    Mediterranean Sea
  • *Why is age structure important?*
    It indicates reproductive potential*
    It affects migration patterns
    It shows population distribution
    It determines birthrate
  • How did the range of sea otters change over the last century?*
    Fully recovered
    Remained the same
    Decreased
    Partly recovered
  • What factors can cause a population to increase in size?*
    Deaths and emigration
    Births and emigration
    Deaths and immigration
    Births and immigration*
  • What is the natural range of lionfish?
    Arctic Ocean
    Atlantic Ocean
    Mediterranean Sea
    Pacific and Indian Oceans*
  • *What is population distribution?*
    Birthrate of a population
    Rate of population growth
    Spatial arrangement of individuals*
    Age structure of a population
  • *Which factor can decrease a population size?*
    Emigration
    Immigration
    High birthrate
    Low death rate
  • *Why are fisheries and biologists concerned about lionfish?*
    They help other fish reproduce
    They are predators that eat many native species*
    They are harmless
    They clean the water
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