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WH Ch. 18 Conflict and Absolutism

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  • _ was known as the Sun King and centralized the French government.
    Louis XIV
    Westphalia
    constitutional
    Oliver Cromwell
  • Which philosophical movement emphasized the use of reason and logic to understand the world?
    Rationalism
    Mysticism
    Feudalism
    Romanticism
  • The Bill of Rights (1689) in England:
    Eliminated the monarchy
    Established absolute monarchy
    Limited royal power
    Limited the power of Parliament
  • During the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), what began as a religious conflict but evolved into what type of struggle?
    A political struggle for European dominance
    An economic trade dispute
    A peasant uprising
    A cultural revolution
  • What was a major social impact of the religious wars in Europe?
    Economic prosperity
    Migration of religious refugees
    Population growth
    Increased trade
  • What was the primary initial cause of the Thirty Years' War?
    Economic disputes
    Colonial expansion
    Religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire
    Dynastic succession
  • During the English Civil War, the Parliamentarians were also known as:
    Royalists
    Cavaliers
    Stuarts
    Roundheads
  • Which of the following best describes the outcome of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England?
    The formation of a constitutional monarchy
    The creation of a pure democracy
    The establishment of an absolute monarchy
    The implementation of a military dictatorship
  • The Peace of _ established the principle of state sovereignty.
    Louis XIV
    constitutional
    Thirty Years' War
    Westphalia
  • What was the major outcome of the Peace of Westphalia (1648)?
    The creation of the Catholic Church
    The unification of Germany
    The establishment of state sovereignty
    The end of the Renaissance period
  • What economic system did absolute monarchs typically favor?
    Socialism
    Feudalism
    Capitalism
    Mercantilism
  • Peter the Great of Russia was known for:
    Weakening central authority
    Supporting the Orthodox Church's power
    Rejecting Western influence
    Westernizing Russia
  • Who was invited to the English throne during the Glorious Revolution?
    Charles II and Catherine
    William and Mary
    Henry VIII and Elizabeth I
    James II and Anne
  • What document was created to limit the power of the English monarchy after the Glorious Revolution?
    Bill of Rights
    Act of Settlement
    Petition of Right
    Magna Carta
  • The Baroque artistic style was characterized by:
    Abstract expressionism
    Emotional and dramatic elements
    Geometric patterns only
    Simplicity and minimalism
  • Under whose leadership did the New Model Army fight during the English Civil War?
    William of Orange
    James II
    Charles I
    Oliver Cromwell
  • Which of these was NOT a characteristic of absolutism in Europe?
    Democratic institutions
    Centralized power
    Professional bureaucracy
    Standing armies
  • What form of government was established as a result of the Glorious Revolution?
    Dictatorship
    Theocracy
    Absolute monarchy
    Constitutional monarchy
  • What characterized the Age of Reason?
    Emphasis on emotion over logic
    Strengthening of Church authority
    Rejection of scientific inquiry
    Rise of rationalism
  • Who wrote "I think, therefore I am"?
    Francis Bacon
    René Descartes
    Isaac Newton
    Galileo Galilei
  • The Scientific Revolution challenged traditional authority through:
    Economic policies
    Empirical observation and experimentation
    Religious reform
    Military conquest
  • Who was known as the "Sun King"?
    Philip II
    Charles I
    Louis XIV
    Frederick William
  • Louis XIV of France demonstrated his absolute power through all of the following EXCEPT:
    Establishing a parliamentary democracy
    Centralizing the French government
    Building the Palace of Versailles
    Persecuting the Huguenots
  • The Palace of Versailles was built as a symbol of:
    Scientific advancement
    Democratic values
    Religious tolerance
    Absolute monarchy
  • What art style is characterized by dramatic and emotional themes, often with religious subjects?
    Baroque
    Renaissance
    Rococo
    Neoclassical
  • Which event ended the Thirty Years' War?
    Peace of Westphalia
    Treaty of Versailles
    Treaty of Paris
    Peace of Augsburg
  • Which scientist is credited with developing the laws of motion?
    René Descartes
    Francis Bacon
    Isaac Newton
    Galileo Galilei
  • Which scientist faced conflict with church authorities over his astronomical discoveries?
    Isaac Newton
    Galileo Galilei
    René Descartes
    Francis Bacon
  • The Scientific Revolution was marked by:
    Rejection of observation
    Complete acceptance by the Church
    Development of the scientific method
    Abandonment of mathematics
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