4.3 Orbits (WJEC) | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

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How can Kepler’s Third Law be derived using Newton’s law of gravity?

Equating the centripetal force (mv^2/r) to the gravitational force (GMm/r^2) and using v = 2πr/T.

What is Kepler's First Law?

Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.

How can the mass of a central object be calculated from an orbiting body's period and radius? (Give the equation - not in data booklet!)

Using M = (4π^2r^3)/(GT^2).

What does Kepler's Second Law state about planetary motion?

A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

What is the equation for the critical density of the universe?

ρ0 = 3H0^2/8πG.

Pam mae 1/H0 yn rhoi amcangyfrif o oedran y bydysawd?

Gan fod y cysonyn Hubble yn nodi buanedd ehangu, ac mae ei wrthdro yn rhoi amser bras ers yr ehangu ddechrau.

What is the significance of the Higgs boson in physics?

It helps explain why particles have mass and may be related to dark matter.

How can the critical density equation be derived?

By equating the total energy (kinetic + gravitational potential) to zero.

How can the center of mass of two spherically symmetric objects be found?

Using R = (m1r2 + m2r1)/(m1 + m2).

Pa dystiolaeth sy'n awgrymu presenoldeb mater tywyll mewn galaethau troellog?

Mae buanedd orbitol y sêr yn aros yn uchel ymhellach allan na'r disgwyl pe bai dim ond mater gweladwy yn bresennol.

Beth yw deddf disgyrchiant Newton?

Mae grym disgyrchiant rhwng dau wrthrych mewn cyfrannedd union â lluoswm eu masau ac mewn cyfrannedd gwrthdro â sgwâr eu pellter.

What is Kepler's Third Law?

he square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis. (accept radius)

How can the orbital period of two mutually orbiting bodies be calculated?,

Using T^2 = (4π^2d^3)/(G(m1 + m2)).

Beth yw perthynas Doppler ar gyfer golau?

Δλ/λ = v/c

What does G represent in Newton’s law of gravitation?

The universal gravitational constant.

What does a 'flat' universe imply about its density?

That the actual density is equal to the critical density.

How can a star’s radial velocity be determined from Doppler shift? Give the form of the equation to calculate v.

By measuring the shift in spectral lines and using v = c(Δλ/λ)

What is the equation for Newton's law of gravitation?

F = G(M1M2)/r^2

What information can be obtained from the radial velocity variation in a star-exoplanet system?

The mass of the exoplanet and its orbital period.