hadn’t / studied / failed / he / the / he / test / because / .
He failed the test because he hadn’t studied.
By the time the teacher arrived, the students ______ (already start) the activity.
had already started
Choose the correct sentence:
He has bought a new phone yesterday.
He bought a new phone yesterday.
Choose the correct sentence:
They had eaten dinner by the time we arrived.
They ate dinner by the time we arrived.
after / eaten / left / had / they / they / the / house / .
They had left the house after they had eaten.
This grammar type helps explain ongoing actions or habits in the recent past, focusing on their effect now. For example: "I’ve been feeling tired lately."
Present perfect continuous
has / been / she / practicing / piano / the / since / morning / .
She has been practicing the piano since morning.
After he ______ (finish) his project, he ______ (go) to bed.
had finished, went
I ______ (study) for three hours. I need a break.
have been studying
Fill in the blanks: We ______ (finish) our homework already, so we ______ (watch) TV last night.
have finished, watched
You ______ (must / might / can’t) be joking! That’s unbelievable.
must
He ______ (has been playing / played) football for two hours.
has been playing
This grammar type is used to make guesses about a situation based on evidence or logic.
Modals of deduction
They ______ (work) on this project since last Monday.
have been working
Fill in the blanks: She ______ (travel) to Hanoi last year, but she ______ (not visit) Ha Long Bay yet.
travelled, hasn’t visited
The door is open. Someone ______ (might / must / can’t) be home.
must
playing / been / football / has / for / hours / he / two / .
He has been playing football for two hours.
She ______ (leave) the house before I ______ (wake up).
had left, woke up
She ______ (not sleep) well recently because of the noisy construction.
hasn’t been sleeping
been / ever / have / to / you / Japan / ?
Have you ever been to Japan?
Choose the correct sentence:
He must be tired because he didn’t sleep last night.
He might be tired because he didn’t sleep last night.
This combination of tenses is used to compare a completed action in the past with an action that still has relevance to the present. For example: "I visited Paris last summer, but I haven’t visited Rome yet."
Present perfect and past simple
forgotten / must / have / phone / her / at / she / home / .
She must have forgotten her phone at home.
the / they / last / watched / movie / week / .
They watched the movie last week.
I ______ (see) that movie three times, but I ______ (watch) it again with my friends last weekend.
have seen, watched
This tense is used to describe actions that were completed before another action in the past.
Past perfect
This can’t be Jane’s bag. She ______ (must / might / can’t) have left it at home.
must
Fill in the blanks: I ______ (meet) my best friend in 2019, and we ______ (stay) close ever since.
met, have stayed
the / might / be / answer / correct / .
The answer might be correct.
Your experience on this site will be improved by allowing cookies.