Unit 7A: Past Modals of Deduction

I'm certain John forgot his wallet at home. -> John _______________. (must have)

You find a book on a park bench. What might have happened?

It's possible Emma was watching TV when you called. → Emma ____________ (might have been).

I'm sure she was feeling nervous during her presentation. → She ____________ (must have been).

A student scored perfectly on a test but usually struggles in class. How might they have prepared?

The dog _________ (couldn't have / must have / might have) eaten the food – there’s no evidence of it being touched.

There's no way they were at the party last night. → They ____________ (can't have).

This package _________ (might have been / must have been / can't have been) delivered to the wrong address; it’s not mine.

You hear loud noises coming from your neighbor's house at midnight. What could they have been doing?

They _________ (could have / can't have / must have) seen the accident from their window; it happened just outside their house.

Sarah _________ (might have / can't have / must have been) waiting for over an hour at the airport yesterday.

He _________ (must have / might have / can't have) left already; his coat is still here.

Your friend didn’t reply to your messages all day. What could have caused it?

It's likely that the documents were lost in the post. → The documents ____________ (might have been).