Study

J5A unit 3 Reading

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  • Name two methods engineers use to cover tunnels that are not deep in the ground.
    Method 1 and Method 2
  • What shape is a tunnel, and why is this shape used?
    Tube shape for strength
  • What supports the weight of a beam bridge?
    Piers
  • What shape helps an arch bridge support a heavier load?
    Arch shape
  • What type of transportation can use tunnels to cross mountains or water?
    Cars and trains
  • Name the simplest type of bridge.
    Beam bridge
  • In Method 1, how are tubes placed in the trench?
    Cranes lower tubes
  • How long is the longest road tunnel in the world?
    24.5 km
  • How much tunnel can a TBM cut and clear each day?
    25–30 meters/day
  • Why can’t a beam bridge cross a very wide river?
    Needs support at ends
  • What connects England and France through a tunnel?
    Channel Tunnel
  • What are suspension bridge cables supported by?
    Tall towers
  • What does a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) do in tunnel construction?
    Cuts and clears rock
  • In Method 1, what is done first when building a tunnel?
    Trench is dug
  • In Method 2, what is made in the ground with concrete?
    Walls made with concrete
  • Which famous arch bridge in Iran has arches on two levels?
    Bridge of 33 Arches
  • What type of bridge is designed to cross wide rivers and sea channels?
    Suspension bridge
  • Name one feature that helps a suspension bridge be longer than other bridges.
    Strong cables
  • In Method 1, what covers the tubes after they are placed in the trench?
    Covered with earth
  • In Method 2, what is used to dig the tunnel?
    Machines