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J5A unit 3 Reading
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Name two methods engineers use to cover tunnels that are not deep in the ground.
Method 1 and Method 2
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What shape is a tunnel, and why is this shape used?
Tube shape for strength
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What supports the weight of a beam bridge?
Piers
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What shape helps an arch bridge support a heavier load?
Arch shape
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What type of transportation can use tunnels to cross mountains or water?
Cars and trains
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Name the simplest type of bridge.
Beam bridge
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In Method 1, how are tubes placed in the trench?
Cranes lower tubes
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How long is the longest road tunnel in the world?
24.5 km
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How much tunnel can a TBM cut and clear each day?
25–30 meters/day
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Why can’t a beam bridge cross a very wide river?
Needs support at ends
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What connects England and France through a tunnel?
Channel Tunnel
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What are suspension bridge cables supported by?
Tall towers
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What does a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) do in tunnel construction?
Cuts and clears rock
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In Method 1, what is done first when building a tunnel?
Trench is dug
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In Method 2, what is made in the ground with concrete?
Walls made with concrete
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Which famous arch bridge in Iran has arches on two levels?
Bridge of 33 Arches
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What type of bridge is designed to cross wide rivers and sea channels?
Suspension bridge
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Name one feature that helps a suspension bridge be longer than other bridges.
Strong cables
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In Method 1, what covers the tubes after they are placed in the trench?
Covered with earth
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In Method 2, what is used to dig the tunnel?
Machines
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