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Lesson 2.1 - Splitting an Atom

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  • What does the atom's nucleus contain?
    It contains the protons and neutrons.
  • What does the nucleus contain?
    It contains protons and neutrons.
  • What are atoms called that have extra neutrons inside of the nucleus?
    They are called isotopes
  • What is an example of one common isotope?
    It is carbon-14
  • What do isotopes always try to do?
    They always try to return to a stable state.
  • Which of the three particles cannot get through the skin?
    Alpha particles
  • Do electrons have mass?
    Yes, they do, but it's very tiny.
  • They are atoms that have more or less neutrons than other atoms of the same element.
    Isotopes
  • Define: unstable
    ready to break apart, change, or react
  • It is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
    The nucleus
  • What is nuclear fission?
    It is splitting an atom's nucleus
  • T/F: Only beta and gamma particles cause damage.
    FALSE. They all cause damage.
  • What happens when scientists shoot even more neutrons into the nucleus of an unstable isotope?
    It causes a massive explosion
  • What can gamma particles cause?
    They can cause burns, cancer, or even death
  • Fill in the blanks: Protons have __________ charge, electrons have ___________ negative charges.
    positive;negative
  • It is the natural disintregration of an isotope's nucleus
    radioactive decay
  • What are the three different kinds of particles that isotopes release?
    Alpha, beta, or gamma particles.
  • It is an atom with a positive or negative electrical charge
    Ion
  • Explain the difference between nuclear fission in an atomic bomb and in a nuclear reactor
  • What makes up most of the mass of an atom?
    Nearly all of an atom's mass is made up by its protons and neutrons.
  • When an atom has more or less electrons than protons, what is it called?
    It is called on ion.
  • It is the process of splitting an atom's nucleus
    Nuclear fission
  • T/F: The more overstuffed an isotope's nucleus is with neutrons, the more readily it will break apart.
    TRUE
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