Name 2 social barriers that inhibit development.
Women denied access to labour markets or political rights, religious or ethnic groups barred from the labour markets
Which indicator is most commonly used by IMF and World Bank to measure development?
GDP
Name 3 economic indicators.
Internet connectivity, mobile ownership, GDP/GNP/GNI per capita, unemployment rate, debt ratio, economic freedom index, car ownership, income, home ownership
What are 2 consequences to economic growth?
Climate change and wealth inequality.
What are Amartya Sen's 2 professions?
Economist and philosopher.
Name 2 composite indicators.
Human development index, multidimensional poverty index, gender inequality index, fragile states index
Which country ranks highest in the HDI?
Switzerland
What does capita mean?
Person.
What are 3 examples of failure of governance?
War, corruption, coups, lack of investment
What is the dependency ratio formula?
Dependent population divided by population of working age x 100
What is the basic needs approach mainly used to measure?
Levels of poverty in a country.
What are 6 areas of development for a country?
Economic, social, demographic, political, cultural and environmental.
What are 5 factors that promote or inhibit development?
Political, economic, social, institutional and environmental
What are 3 examples of a social single indicator?
Literacy rates, primary school attendance, tertiary education, domestic violence, life expectancy, infant/child mortality rates, nutrition, HIV/AIDS, etc.
What is marginalization?
Marginalisation is the process of being pushed to the edge of economic activity, of being largely left out of positive economic trends
What is the main factor that Sen argues is the key to development?
The expansion of individual freedoms.
Name 3 of the 5 levels of Maslow's Hierachy of Needs.
Physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualization.
Name 2 economic barriers that inhibit development.
tariffs, how much debt a country has, Governments lack the ability to invest in infrastructure, health & education
What are 3 geographical factors that may inhibit development?
Landlocked, Lack navigable rivers, Lack natural harbours, Arid conditions, Tropical conditions, Small land locked countries
Describe the well-being approach.
People’s well-being depends upon what they are actually capable of doing and being.
Describe the basic needs approach.
there are certain goods and services which every human being ought to have in order to live a decent life
What is GDP used to measure?
A country's economy.
What are some criticisms of the basic needs approach?
Consumption-oriented, programs that focus more on subsistence than fairness. It focuses on allowing the society to consume just enough to rise above the...
Name 3 single environmental indicators.
Forrest cover, areas protected, pollution level, biodiversity, endangered species.
What concept does GDP fail to capture?
Well-being.