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Genetics

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  • What can lead to a new species
    Evolution
  • What is natural selection
    The process by which the members of a species who are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce
  • Another word for characteristics is
    Traits
  • What is a gene
    A section of DNA that codes for a particular trait
  • A species needs __________ to survive
    Variation
  • A ________ is a group of similar organisms that can breed with each other to produce fertile offspring
    Species
  • What are inherited characteristics
    Passed from parents to children by genes
  • What are the two types of characteristics that influence variation
    environment and inheritance
  • A gamete contains ___ chromosomes
    23
  • what does variation describe?
    All of the differences in traits that exist in members of the same species
  • What are acquired chacteristics
    Not inherited from parents, they are learnt throughout our life
  • What are chromosomes made up of
    DNA and protein
  • What is meant by recessive trait
    The trait that doesn’t present itself in the offspring but the offspring still carries it
  • Where are chromosomes found
    Nucleus
  • What is meant by dominant trait
    The trait that presents itself even if only one parent has this gene
  • XY genes are male or female
    Male
  • Give an example of an inherited characterisitc
    Hair colour, blood type, eye colour etc
  • What does DNA stand for
    Deoxyribonucleic acid
  • XX genes are male or female?
    Female
  • What shape is DNA
    Double helix
  • Who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection
    Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace
  • Give an example of an acquired characteristic
    Ride a bike, accent etc
  • _______ is the gradual change in inherited characteristics of a species over time
    evolution
  • Every human cell contains ____ chromosomes (except gametes)
    46
  • What is genetics
    How characteristics are passed on from one generation to another
  • Each _______ contains the information needed to make a inherited characteristic
    Gene
  • How many chromosomes does a zygote contain
    46
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