Review of evolving societies | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

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Comment les Arabes et les musulmans non arabes ont-ils été traités ? How were the Arabs and non-Arab Muslims treated?

System of taxation was not equal. The non-Arab Muslim, (mawali) had pay higher taxes, and salaries from treasury were paid to Arabs soldiers and their families.

Who were the supporters of Ahl al-Bayt?

Ahl al-Bayt had a special status among the early Muslims. The supporter of Ahl al-Bayt were the Muslims from Iraq and Khurasan with significant Shia communities

Quelles étaient les différentes communautés en territoire musulman ? Who were the various communities in Muslims land?

Berbers of North Africa, the Christian Copts of Egypt, Christians of Syria and Palestine, Persians of Iraq & Iran, Jews, Zoroastrians, Buddhists

Qui étaient les Mawalis ? Who were the Mawalis?

Non-Arabs Muslims who used Arabic as their spoken language. These mawali, or ‘clients’ were required to attach themselves to Arab tribes.

Were they following the social and ethical vision of Islam taught and examplified by the Prophet?

The Umayyads were criticised for departing from the message of Prophet Muhammad, and were living like kings instead of Caliphs.

Qui étaient les Ahl al-Dhimma ? Who were the Ahl al-Dhimma?

The Christians and Jews were given the status of ‘the protected peoples’). They were given guarantees of protection, pay tax and practice their religion freely

Why scholars began to study matters of faith?

In response to the changed circumstances, the claims that the Umayyads had moved away from the Prophet’s teachings, scholars began to study matters of faith

Comment les Arabes et les musulmans non arabes ont-ils été traités ? How were the Arabs and non-Arab Muslims treated?

System of taxation was not equal. The non-Arab Muslim, (mawali) had pay higher taxes, and salaries from treasury were paid to Arabs soldiers and their families.

Why do you think Imam Zayn al-Abidin composed his prayers (du’as)?

To turn to his faith in times of difficulties and challenge.

Que signifie Zayn al-Abidin ?

Zayn al-Abidin (« la parure des croyants »), ainsi que al-Sajjad (« le prosterné »). Il était reconnu pour sa grande dévotion

Where did you turn to in challenging moments?

Your response

Were non-Arab Muslims happy about how they were treated by the Umayyads?

No, non-Arab Muslims questioned the Umayyad ways of governing, the unequal treatment of Arabs and non-Arabs and their policies on taxation and social power.

Pourquoi les gens ont-ils cherché à être dirigés par les Ahl al-Bayt du Prophète ? Why did some people turned to the leadership from the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet?

Il y avait également plusieurs groupes comme les Shiites, et d'autres, qui considéraient que le chef musulman légitime devait être un membre de l' Ahl al-Bayt.

Pourquoi la recherche d'un leadership légitime a-t-elle repris à l'époque des Umayyades ?

Their practices contrary to the teachings of the Prophet led to criticism and strong opposition to Umayyads. The call for different leadership became urgent.

Where did people turn to for the search and inquiry?

Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet and the occasion of revelation of the verses.

What was missing from the society?

Living based on the social and ethical vision of Islam as taught by Prophet and followed by the Imams.

Quelle tribu avait le plus de pouvoir ? Which tribe had more power?

Les Umayyades

Quels étaient les arguments des critiques? What was the argument of the critics?

The critics of Umayyads argued that the Prophet’s teachings emphasised justice and that Umayyad policies were contrary with those teachings. Living like kings

Did all the supporters of Ahl al-Bayt agree on one leader?

No, there were three opinons 1) Zaydis favouring armed struggle, 2) Wider family of the Prophet, 3) Progeny of Bibi Fatima and Hazrat Ali

Was Muslim society only comprised of Arabs?

No, Muslim society was made up not only of Arabs but of peoples of various cultures and ethnic backgrounds.

Quelles étaient les relations entre les Arabes et les musulmans non arabes ? How was the relation between Arabs and non-Arab Muslims?

Umayyad rule was based on Arab tribal power. The Umayyad rule favoured Arabs over non-Arabs, and even Syrian Arabs over other Arabs of Iraq.

Have you faced a challenging moment in your lives and faced with uncertainty due to changing situation?

Yes, No, explain.

What qualities was the Imam know for?

Il était reconnu pour sa grande dévotion et pour les longues heures qu’il passait à prier. Il était également respecté pour sa compassion envers les pauvres