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Unit 2 Lesson 1-6 Review

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  • protostellar disk
    planetesimals
  • deep, massive gas atmosphere, hydrogen and helium
    Gas planets
  • layer of the sun which energy travels from the radiative zone to the photosphere
    convective zone
  • developed three laws
    Kepler
  • is the process by which two or more low-mass atomic nuclei form another
    nuclear fusion
  • proposed the heliocentric model (aka A-Dog)
    Aristarchus
  • disk of material that circles planets of orbiting particles
    planetary ring
  • huge loop
    solar flare
  • a meteoroid that reaches Earth's surface without burning up
    meteorite
  • boulder size, rocky body, that travels through space
    meteoroid
  • time=distance
    Third Law
  • made the heliocentric model of the solar system still used today
    Copernicus
  • is the outer atmosphere of the sun
    corona
  • ellipse, sun-centered
    Kepler's First Law
  • middle layer of the sun's atmosphere
    chromosphere
  • small body of ice, rock and dust that follows a highly elliptical orbit around the sun
    comet
  • force of attraction between objects that is due to mass and distance.
    gravity
  • region of the solar system that begins just beyond the orbit of Neptune and contains small bodies made mostly of ice
    Kupier Belt
  • planets move faster in their orbits when they are closer to the sun
    Second Law
  • Name one Gas Planet
    Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter
  • astronomers use this measure distances in the solar system
    astronomical unit
  • explosive release of energy extended outward
    sun flare
  • a spherical region thar surrounds the solar system and extends halfway to the nearest star
    Oort Cloud
  • a small, irregularly shaped, rocky object that orbits the sun
    asteroid
  • inward pull of gravity balanced by the outward pull of gas
    solar nebula
  • meteoroid that burns up in Earth's atmosphere
    meteor
  • very dense center of the sun
    core
  • farthest from the sun
    aphelion
  • inward force that causes an object to move
    centripetal force
  • small, dense, rocky planets that orbit closest to the sun
    terrestrial planets
  • apparent shift when objects are viewed in a different location
    parallax
  • earth-centered
    geocentric
  • any minor bodies in the Kuiper belt outside of Neptune
    Kuiper Belt Object (KBO)
  • Telescope, Scientific Method
    Galileo
  • developed the detailed geocentric model that astronomers used for the next fourteen years.
    Ptolemy
  • thought Earth was the center of all things
    Aristotle
  • dark areas form on the surface of the sun
    sunspots
  • a celestial body that orbits the sun and is round from its own gravity
    dwarf orbit
  • visible surface of the sun
    photosphere
  • closest to the sun
    perihelion
  • Earth and the other planets orbit the sun
    heliocentric
  • is the sun and all the bodies that orbit the sun
    solar system
  • energy is taken from the core and transferred in this zone
    Radiative Zone
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