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Past modals

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  • Tom is late today. He ___ (oversleep)
    He might/may have overslept.
  • Mary ___ (go) to school. I was there the whole time and I didn't see her.
    Mary can't have gone to school.
  • She hasn't arrived yet. I thought I was clear, but she ___ (misunderstand) my directions.
    She might have misunderstood my directions.
  • I can't remember my password! But I _____ (write) it in my notebook as sometimes I do that.
    I may/might/could have written it...
  • The team ______ (celebrate) after winning the match.
    must have celebrated
  • Susan and Tom looked very happy. He ___ (propose) during their trip.
    must have proposed.
  • She _____ (see) us. We were hiding behind the wall.
    can't/couldn't have seen
  • You drove from Paris to Lisbon. That ____ (take) a long time.
    That must have taken a long time.
  • A: What was that noise? B: ohh it ___ (be) the cat.
    It must have been the cat.
  • I _____(take) the wrong street. I'm not sure I recognize this one.
    I may/might/could have taken.
  • That loud sound ___ (scare) all the animals.
    That loud noise must have scared all the animals.
  • I don't know why the traffic is so slow. There ___ (be) an accident.
    There might/ may have been an accident.
  • He _____ (forget) about the party! I reminded him about it several times!
    can't have forgotten
  • He _______ (be) at your party last night. He was with me out of town.
    can't/couldn't have been
  • They _____(have) their baby yet, she's still pregnant!
    They can't have had their baby yet, she's still pregnant!
  • That letter_____ (be) sent to me. I don't live here.
    That letter can't have been sent to me.
  • You hiked for 10 hours? That ____(be) exhausting.
    That must have been exhausting
  • Jack did really well in the exam. He_____ (study) very hard.
    must have studied
  • Well, she ____ (look) too hard for her keys. They're on the table.
    She can't have looked too had for her keys.