Unit 2 Study Guide | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

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What causes strong earthquakes to happen?

When plates scrape past each other, they get stuck on each other and pressure keeps building up until they break apart, causing the ground to shake.

Which geologic event is the result of earthquakes in the sea floor?

Tsunamis

Which type of boundary results in the subduction of a plate and volcanic activity on Earth's surface?

Convergent boundaries (oceanic-continental)

A combination of Wegener's and Hess' theories produced the commonly accepted belief that the lithosphere is divided into plates, which move on top of the asthenosphere. What is this modern theory called?

Plate Tectonics

List the four layers of Earth (from the outer layer to the inner layer).

Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

What plate boundary is pictured here?

Divergent

Which two geologic events are MOST common along tectonic plate boundaries?

Earthquakes & volcanoes

Which sea floor landform is an underwater volcano? (labeled B on the diagram)

Seamount

What plate boundary is pictured here?

Convergent

Describe how the lithospheric plates move across the surface of the Earth.

The plates are pushed and pulled by convection currents in the mantle below.

Why will an oceanic plate always subduct beneath a continental plate?

Oceanic plates are denser than continental plates.

Which sea floor landform is a volcano that has risen past the surface of the water? (E on the diagram)

Volcanic island

Describe the difference in structure between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.

The lithosphere is hard, solid, and rigid, and the asthenosphere is hot, soft, and flowing.

Which two layers of Earth are made of some form of rock?

Crust and mantle

Which sea floor landform is a deep depression/canyon in the ocean floor caused by subduction? (G on the diagram)

Trench

What is the source of energy that drives convection currents in Earth's mantle?

Heat from Earth's core

Which layer of the Earth is the thickest because it makes up 84% of Earth's volume?

Mantle

Which layer of Earth is the only liquid layer, made of melted iron and nickel?

Outer core

What theory did Alfred Wegener propose in 1912 to explain the position of the continents?

Continental Drift

When you go to the beach and walk into the ocean, what underwater landform are you standing on?

Continental shelf

Why is volcanic activity common at convergent boundaries where subduction occurs?

When the crust subducts, it hits the mantle and melts, producing magma that rises to the surface.

Harry Hess proved Wegener's theory by discovering new crust being made at divergent boundaries on the sea floor. What did Hess call his theory?

Seafloor Spreading

Volcanic activity is MOST common at which two locations?

Near a mid-ocean ridge and near a subduction zone

Which two layers of Earth are made of hard, solid material that does not flow?

Crust & inner core

What plate boundary is pictured here?

Transform

Which layer of Earth is the hottest?

Inner core

Which geological feature is formed at a convergent boundary between two continental plates?

Mountains

Where would you find the newest oceanic crust?

Close to a mid-ocean ridge

Which two layers of Earth are made of some form of metal?

Inner core and outer core

What caused the Earth to form in layers?

Density

As you go deeper inside the Earth, what happens to the heat, density, and pressure?

All three increase as you get closer to the core.

What are the cracks in Earth's crust caused by pressure between the plates?

Faults

Which sea floor landform is an underwater ridge system? (labeled D on this diagram)

Mid-ocean ridge

How do differences in density affect the movement of materials?

Heavier material sinks, lighter material floats.

Which sea floor landform is at the edge of a landform and is covered by shallow water? (F on the diagram)

Continental shelf