What is the name of the largest artery in your body that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body?
Aorta
Give 2 adaptations of red blood cells for carrying oxygen
They contain haemoglobin
They DON'T have a nucleus (more room for haemoglobin)
They are BIconcave (larger surface area to absorb oxygen)
Which type of blood vessel carries high pressure blood away from your heart?
Arteries
Name the part of your blood that is part of your immune system
White Blood Cells
Which type of blood vessel carries low pressure back into the heart?
Veins
Name the 3 types of blood vessels in your body
Arteries, Capillaries & Veins
What is the name of the hormone that is released and makes the heart beat faster & harder if you are scared?
Adrenaline
Name the 4 components that make up blood
Plasma, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets
Give 2 purposes of blood clots
To stop blood loss from the body
To stop microorganisms (bacteria etc) getting into the body
Name the component of blood that carries oxygen to your body cells
Red Blood Cells
What is found in a vaccination?
A DEAD or WEAKENED pathogen
What do we call the top two chambers of the heart where blood enters from the pulmonary vein and vena cava?
Atria (plural) Atrium (single)
What name do we give to the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood to the heart muscle cells themselves? These can get narrowed and lead to a heart attack
Coronary arteries
What chemicals do lymphocytes make to destroy pathogens & make them stick together?
Antibodies
Adrenaline causes your heart to beat faster & harder, carrying more oxygen and glucose to cells. What specific chemical reaction do the cells use this for & what is released?
Aerobic respiration
Energy is released (in the form of ATP)
Which type of blood vessels are where the exchange of substances like oxygen & carbon dioxide occur between the blood & cells (and therefore they have a wall that's only 1 cell thick)
Capillaries
If you have been vaccinated or have encountered a pathogen before, then you are immune because you produce antibodies __________ and in __________ amounts. What 2 words complete this?
Faster
Larger
What is your heart rate measured in?
Beats per minute (bpm)
What name do we give to the artery and vein that supply blood to and take blood away from the lungs?
Pulmonary
What name do we give to the artery & vein that supply the blood to an take blood away from the kidneys?
Renal
Name the two types of white blood cells that are involved in the immune response
Phagocytes and Lymphocytes
What is the heart (which pumps your blood around your body) made of?
Muscle - which allows it to contract & relax to push blood
Name the part of your blood that forms clots
Platelets
Which type of white blood cell can surround, engulf and digest pathogens with foreign antigens on their surface?
Phagocytes
Name the chemical markers on all cells that your immune system uses to identify if a cell is one of yours or a foreign cell
Antigens
What name do we give to the two valves that separate the ventricles from the arteries & stop blood flowing back into the heart?
Semilunar valves
What is the name of the lymphocytes that stay in your blood stream once you have encountered a pathogen an mean you are immune to it?
Memory cells
Name 3 things that plasma carries around the body
Carbon dioxide, hormones, digested food (glucose, amino acids), urea, heat energy
What name do we call the two valves that separate the top and bottom chambers of the heart & stop blood flowing backwards
Atrio-ventricular valves
OR Tricuspid AND bicuspid valeves
What do we call the bottom two chambers of the heart where blood enters from the atria and then gets pushed into the Aorta and Pulmonary Artery?
Ventricles