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For centuries, what had China done in relation to the rest of the world?
Remained isolated
What group arose in China and burned churches, torturing and killing Christians in 1900?
The Boxers
In what year did Napoleon invade Egypt, demonstrating European military superiority?
1798
What did Ottoman state officials require from businesspeople in exchange for permission to do business?
Bribes
During what years did Mahmud II reign as Ottoman sultan?
1808 to 1839
What two European fashion items did Mahmud II introduce to the Ottoman Empire?
European fez hats and pants
Which group of soldiers did Mahmud II destroy and replace with a more modern Ottoman army?
The Janissaries
During what years did Abdulmejid I reign?
1839 to 1861
What military policy did Abdulmejid I introduce?
A military draft
Why was Ottoman Sultan Abdulaziz dethroned by officials?
Because of his lavish spending
During what years did Abdul Hamid II reign?
1876 to 1909
What did Abdul Hamid II accept, but later put on hold to gain more power?
A constitution
What valuable Chinese good did Europeans especially want to trade for?
Tea
Why did British merchants have to pay the difference in silver when trading with China?
Chinese goods were more expensive than cotton from India
What drug did the Chinese begin to want, and what effect did they use it for?
Opium
for its mind-changing effect
Who was the Chinese official that demanded the British hand over all unsold opium and threatened decapitation?
Lin Tse-Hsu
