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a segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called
gene
different versions of a gene are called
alleles
an organism's genetic makeup is its
genotype
an organism's physical appearance is its
phenotype
If you have two copies of the same allele your genotype is
homozygous
If you have two different copies of a gene your genotype is
heterozygous
according to the principle of ______ some traits are dominant over others
principle of dominance
according to the principle of ____ alleles for each gene separate during gamete formation so that only one is passed down
principle of segregation
According to the principle of _____ genes for different traits separate during gamete formation so that traits are inherited independently
principle of independent assortment
Genes on the same chromosome are
linked
How can linked genes be separated?
by crossing over
If you wanted to determine the genotype of an individual with the dominant phenotype what would you do?
test cross (breed to homozygous recessive individual)
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive trait. What are the chances that two carriers have a child with cystic fibrosis?
25%
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive trait. What are the chances that two carriers have a child who is also a carrier of cystic fibrosis?
50%
How many alleles for a trait will you pass on to your child?
1
At minimum, how many dominant alleles do you need to show the dominant trait
1
