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Which type of correction is it? T: What did you do at the weekend? S: I go to the cinema… T: Ah, you went to the cinema…
Recast = immediate, implicit
What type of correction is it? T: What did you do at the weekend? S: I go to the cinema… T: You GO to the cinema??? S: I WENT to the cinema.
Pinpointing = immediate, explicit
What type of correction is it? S: You go to the cinema last week… S: Do we say GO here? What is the past form?
Metalinguistic = immediate, explicit
What type of correction is it? T: What is the lady doing in the picture? S: Er… she is cleaning the class… T: Oh, really? How many children are there? S: Oh, pardon…she is cleaning the glass… the window I mean…
Elicitation = explicit, immediate
What type of correction is it? T: Where did you get the news? S: The tournament takes place next week… T: Good…OK…But where did you get it? S: ??? T: Did you get the news in papers, on TV… S: Oh… I heard it on TV
Pumping = immediate, explicit
What type of correction is it? S: I made the cake last night when I was in bed… T: Er? Who made the cake? Once more.. S: My mother… T: Oh, your mother… And now repeat… S: My mother made the cake last night when I was in bed…
Repetition = explicit, immediate
A theory that emphasizes internal mental processes, such as memory and problem-solving, in the learning process, viewing learners as active processors of information.
Cognitivism
A theory that highlights the role of social interactions and cultural context in the construction of knowledge, emphasizing collaborative learning.
Social constructivism
What is the role of teacher in social constructivism?
facilitator, collaborator
In which 2 theories is there limited and low emphasis on social context?
Behaviourism, Innatism
What is GTM? What is the role of learner, teacher and its key principles?
Grammar-translation method; teacher = controller, learner = passive; key principles: accuracy over fluency, deductive approach, translation exercises
What is ALM? What is the role of learner, teacher and its key principles?
emphasis on drills, mechanical habit formation, focus on SPEAKING and LISTENING, teacher: orchestra leader, controller, student: imitator, passive
What is Total-physical response? What is the role of learner, teacher and its key principles?
coordination of speech and action, reinforcing the language through movement and memory; teacher: director, student: active responder
