What is negative peace?
Negative peace is simply the absence of war and/or violent conflict.
What is positive peace?
The factors and underlying issues that created conflict have been resolved and there is no longer any reason for violence.
According to Johan Galtung, what is necessary to effectively deal with conflict?
Reconciliation.
Why would a liberal argue that the world is not more peaceful than ever?
Conflict has changed from large-scale violent deaths to political instability and social unrest. Military spending and incarceration levels have increased.
What would a realist argue to promote the idea that the world is more peaceful than ever?
More alliance agreements, democratic governments tend to be more stable, superpowers have decreased their military personal rates, decline of interstate war
What are the 6 stages in the evolution of peace?
Absence of war, balance of forces, no structural violence, feminist peace, holistic gaia-peace, and holistic inner-outer peace.
What is the balance of forces theory?
Lack of an imbalance of power between various global power blocs or the lack of a power vacuum.
How does Johan Galtun define conflict?
Actors in pursuit of "incompatible goals".
What is an example of state violence?
Police brutality
What has a direct impact on how conflict manifest in real life?
Power capability.
Explain Joe Gerstandt's model of conflict.
Tension between 2 parties leads to the choice between destructive conflict, constructive conflict or fake harmony.
Name 3 common misconceptions about conflict.
Conflict is caused by single factors, Conflict parties are (rational) unitary actors, Conflict is always visible....
Name 3 common misconceptions.
Conflict is always undesirable, Conflict always needs to be settled, Conflict always requires “third-party intervention”
What is latent conflict?
Silent, not visible.
What does remaining in latent conflict lead to?
Fake harmony.
What is third party intervention?
Another party is brought in to help in resolving a conflict.
