Apologia Advanced Biology module 13 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

English 42 Public

Digestive system

Study Slideshow

The epiglottis and soft palate both participate in deglutition. What do they do?

The soft palate rises up and closes off the nasal cavity, the larynx rises and the epiglottis drops

Why are intestinal villi so important?

villi increase the amount of intestinal surface that comes into contact with the food, speeding up the absorption process. (increase surface area 60-100X)

Gastric glands produce pepsinogen. Why don't they produce pepsin, which is what the stomach actually needs to aid digestion?

A cell can’t make an active enzyme that breaks proteins into peptides and amino acids, because the cell is protein.

What is the general term for nutrients our body needs in large quantities like carbohydrates and proteins?

macronutrients

What is the job of enterokinase?

It activates trypsinogen which comes from the pancreas and changes it into trypsin which breaks down proteins

What is gastrin? Where does it come from, what does it do?

Produced in the stomach, increases esophageal sphincter tone, sectretions form gastric pits and mixing waves in the stomach. decreases pyloric sphincter tone

What is the difference between fat and water soluble vitamins?

excess Water soluble(C, b group, biotin, folic acid)are removed through the kidneys. excess fat soluble(A, D, E and K) aren't

What are 4 substances that decrease the acidity in the alimentary canal?

1. alkaline mucous from the duodenal glands 2.Intestinal juice from the intestinal glands 3.Bile from the gall bladder 4. bicarbonate in pancreatic juice

What are the 3 sections of the small intestines?

Duodenum, jejunum, and the illeum

What design features of the small intestine aid in absorption

circular fold and villi